{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:59:16Z","timestamp":1787893156646,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621468800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparative cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factors that influence the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection in adult cervical deformity (ACD) are less reported, and outcomes in the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) and proximal thoracic (PT) spine are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective ACD database was analyzed using the following inclusion criteria: LIV between C7 and T5, upper instrumented vertebra at C2, and at least a 1-year follow-up. Patients were divided into CTJ (LIV C7-T2) and PT groups (LIV T3-T5) based on LIV levels. Demographics, operative details, radiographic parameters, and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-six patients were included (mean age, 62 years), with 22 and 24 patients in the CTJ and PT groups, respectively. Demographics and surgical parameters were comparable between the groups. The PT group had a significantly higher preoperative C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (cSVA) (46.9\u2009mm vs 32.6\u2009mm, P = 0.002) and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis (45.9\u00b0 vs 36.0\u00b0, P = 0.042) than the CTJ group and was more likely treated with pedicle-subtraction osteotomy (33.3% vs 0%, P = 0.004). The PT group had a larger correction of cSVA (\u22127.7 vs 0.7\u2009mm, P = 0.037) and reciprocal change of increased T4-T12 kyphosis (8.6\u00b0 vs 0.0\u00b0, P = 0.001). Complications and reoperations were comparable. The HRQOL scores were not different preoperatively and at 1-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The selection of PT LIV in cervical deformities was more common in patients with larger baseline deformities, who were more likely to undergo pedicle-subtraction osteotomy. Despite this, the complications and HRQOL outcomes were comparable at 1-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211017478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T05:10:08Z","timestamp":1621487408000},"page":"1056-1063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cervicothoracic Versus Proximal Thoracic Lower Instrumented Vertebra Have Comparable Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes in Adult Cervical Deformity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2170-3592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han Jo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7555-4321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Bannwarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Neurosurgery, University Hospital Reims, Reims, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0467-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric O.","family":"Klineberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Mundis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Themistocles S.","family":"Protopsaltis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Charles-Elysee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shay","family":"Bess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Denver International Spine Center, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher I.","family":"Shaffrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Passias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Ames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Lafage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"International Spine Study Group 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