{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:46:20Z","timestamp":1790444780909,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study is to assess whether cannabis use disorder (CUD) patients undergoing primary 1- to 2-level lumbar fusion (1-2LF) for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spine disorders have higher rates of: (1) in-hospital lengths of stay (LOS), (2) medical complications, and (3) healthcare expenditures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case-control study of the MSpine dataset of the PearlDiver claims from January 2007 to March 2018 was performed. Patients with CUD undergoing 1-2LF were queried and matched to a comparison group in a 1:5 ratio by age, sex, and various medical comorbidities yielding 22,\u00a0815 patients within the study (CUD = 3805; control = 19\u00a0010). Outcomes analyzed included LOS, 90-day medical complications, and costs. A P-value less than .004 was considered significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found CUD patients undergoing primary 1-2LF experience longer in-hospital LOS (4- vs. 3-days, P &lt; .0001). Additionally, CUD patients were found to have significantly higher frequency and odds-ratios (OR) (31.88 vs. 18.01% OR: 1.41, P &lt; .0001) of adverse events within ninety days following their procedure. CUD patients also had significantly higher day of surgery ($18,946.79 vs. $15,691.02, P &lt; .0001) and 90 days healthcare expenditures ($21,469.01 vs. $19,556.71, P &lt; .0001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with CUD can prepare for increased LOS, complications, and costs following primary 1-2LF. The study can be used to educate these patients of the potential outcomes following their procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221093965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T21:33:02Z","timestamp":1649453582000},"page":"67-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cannabis Use Disorder Is Associated With Longer In-Hospital Lengths of Stay, Higher Rates of Medical Complications, and Costs of Care Following Primary 1- to 2-Level Lumbar Fusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9138-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreya","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey W.","family":"Cloud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron W.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2008-0821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rushabh M.","family":"Vakharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afshin E.","family":"Razi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, 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