{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:36:32Z","timestamp":1790832992932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679356800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AO Spine Knowledge Forum Deformity"},{"name":"AO Spine Research Department"},{"name":"AO Innovation Translation Center, Clinical Evidence"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multicenter, international prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the clinical outcome up to 2\u00a0years after multi-level spinal deformity surgery in the elderly by reporting the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of EuroQol 5-dimensions (EQ-5D), EQ-VAS, and residential status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As an ancillary study of 219 patients \u226560\u00a0years with spinal deformity undergoing primary instrumented fusion surgery of \u22655 levels, this study focuses on EQ-5D (3-L) as the primary outcome and EQ-VAS and residential status as secondary outcomes. Data on EQ-5D were compared between pre-operatively and postoperatively at 10\u00a0weeks, 12\u00a0months, and 24\u00a0months. An anchor-based approach was used to calculate the MCID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS, respectively, improved significantly at each time point compared to pre-operatively (from .53 (SD .21) and 55.6 (SD 23.0) pre-operatively to .64 (SD .18) and 65.8 (SD 18.7) at 10 weeks, .74 (SD .18) and 72.7 (SD 18.1) at 12\u00a0months, and .73 (SD .20) and 70.4 (SD 20.4) at 24\u00a0months). 217 (99.1%) patients lived at home pre-operatively, while 186 (88.6%), 184 (98.4%), and 172 (100%) did so at 10\u00a0weeks, 12\u00a0months, and 24\u00a0months, respectively. Our calculated MCID for the EQ-5D index at 1\u00a0year was .22 (95% CI .15-.29).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EQ-5D index significantly increased at each time point over 24\u00a0months after \u22655 level spinal deformity surgery in elderly patients. The MCID of the EQ-5D-3\u00a0L was .22. Patients living at home pre-operatively can expect to be able to live at home 2\u00a0years postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231162574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T09:53:06Z","timestamp":1679392386000},"page":"1978-1989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Influence of Multilevel Spinal Deformity Surgery on the EuroQol 5 Dimensions\u2019 (EQ-5D) Questionnaire and Residential Status in the Elderly: A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6133-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Jentzsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9173-8443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1351-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colby","family":"Oitment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Rienm\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan R.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hananel","family":"Shear-Yashuv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinus","family":"de Kleuver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Medical Center, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4202-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence G.","family":"Lenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Spine Hospital, Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Alanay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferran","family":"Pellis\u00e9-Urquiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitari de la Vall d\u2019Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8304-0419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth M. C.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Spruit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, Gelderland, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Polly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan N.","family":"Sembrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher I.","family":"Shaffrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin S.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6221-7406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael P.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benny","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"},{"name":"Spine Unit, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigurd H.","family":"Berven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"AO Spine Knowledge Forum Deformity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21925682231162574","volume-title":"World Population Ageing 2017-Highlights","author":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr2-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000160842.43482.cd"},{"key":"bibr3-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217699182"},{"key":"bibr4-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000201331.50597.ea"},{"key":"bibr5-21925682231162574","volume-title":"SF-36\u00ae Health Survey (Version 1.0). Australian Health Outcomes Collaboration (AHOC)","author":"Ware JE","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr6-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175847"},{"key":"bibr7-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S236957"},{"key":"bibr8-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0517-3"},{"key":"bibr9-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9"},{"key":"bibr10-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890109002087"},{"key":"bibr11-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(89)90005-6"},{"key":"bibr12-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003501"},{"key":"bibr13-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.SPINE1194"},{"key":"bibr14-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.006"},{"key":"bibr15-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-148"},{"key":"bibr16-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218814531"},{"key":"bibr17-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.1.SPINE18754"},{"key":"bibr18-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.12.SPINE16585"},{"key":"bibr19-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.11.SPINE16601"},{"key":"bibr20-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.03.044"},{"key":"bibr21-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219849393"},{"key":"bibr22-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy190"},{"key":"bibr23-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5248-7"},{"key":"bibr24-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b3ff0c"},{"key":"bibr25-21925682231162574","volume-title":"The top 10 causes of death","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr26-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-0987-7"},{"key":"bibr27-21925682231162574","author":"Lewis SJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"Manuscript in preparation"},{"key":"bibr28-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207782"},{"key":"bibr29-21925682231162574","volume-title":"EQ-5D-Y User Guide","author":"van Reenen M","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr30-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.07.007"},{"key":"bibr31-21925682231162574","volume-title":"Table 13-10-0710-01. Deaths and Mortality Rates, by Age Group","author":"Statistics Canada","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr32-21925682231162574","volume-title":"eBook","author":"Janssen B","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr33-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4854-0"},{"key":"bibr34-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14444\/6020"},{"key":"bibr35-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.12.SPINE19593"},{"key":"bibr36-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2018.05.29"},{"key":"bibr37-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-59"},{"key":"bibr38-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X06290495"},{"key":"bibr39-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/KP.a2018.0033"},{"key":"bibr40-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.06.249"},{"key":"bibr41-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3034-3"},{"key":"bibr42-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.6265"},{"key":"bibr43-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.07.011"},{"key":"bibr44-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-018-0623-8"},{"key":"bibr45-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001990"},{"key":"bibr46-21925682231162574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.01.008"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682231162574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21925682231162574","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682231162574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:19:38Z","timestamp":1777447178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21925682231162574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21925682231162574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682231162574","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]}}}