{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:00:02Z","timestamp":1793656802008,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682985600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational Database Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective clinical trials in spinal surgery are expensive to conduct, especially when randomized, appropriately powered, and\/or multicentered. Industry collaborations generate symbiotic relationships promoting technological advancement; however, they also allow for bias. To the authors\u2019 knowledge, there is no known analysis of correlations between industry sponsorship and publication rates of spine-related clinical trials. This observational work evaluates such potential associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ClinicalTrials.gov database was queried with terms spine, spinal, spondylosis, spondylolysis, cervical, lumbar, and compression fracture over an 11-year period. Design characteristics and outcomes were recorded from 822 spine surgery-related trials. Trials were stratified based on funding source and intervention class. Groups were compared via two-tailed chi-square test of independence or Fisher\u2019s exact test (\u03b1 = .05), based on completion status and publication rates of positive vs negative results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Industry-sponsored spine-related clinical trials were more likely to be terminated than their non-industry-sponsored counterparts (P &lt; .001). Of the trials achieving publication, industry-sponsored trials reported positive results at a higher rate than did trials without industry funding (P = .037). Clinical trials examining devices were more likely to be terminated than those studying other intervention classes (P = .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High termination rates and positive result publication rates among industry-sponsored clinical trials in spinal surgery likely reflect industry\u2019s influence on the research community. Such partnership alleviates financial burden and provides accessibility to cutting-edge innovation. It is essential that all parties remain mindful of the significant bias that funding source may impart on study outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231166379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T08:47:08Z","timestamp":1683017228000},"page":"2039-2044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association Between Industry Sponsorship of Spine-Related Clinical Trials, Publication Status, and Research Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8894-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Munsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7000-9842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7452-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Dalton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Tisherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198010233031703"},{"key":"bibr2-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440200094030"},{"key":"bibr3-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3941897"},{"key":"bibr4-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860609348743"},{"key":"bibr5-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.01.027"},{"key":"bibr6-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00159"},{"key":"bibr7-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2029-3"},{"key":"bibr8-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2003.08.156"},{"key":"bibr9-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.4.454"},{"key":"bibr10-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7358.249"},{"key":"bibr11-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.7.921"},{"key":"bibr12-21925682231166379","first-page":"477","volume":"170","author":"Bhandari M","year":"2004","journal-title":"CMAJ (Can Med Assoc J)"},{"key":"bibr13-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.10.047"},{"key":"bibr14-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.10.008"},{"key":"bibr15-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.6.656"},{"key":"bibr16-21925682231166379","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.01412"}],"container-title":["Global Spine 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