{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:53:21Z","timestamp":1787165601963,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Study Design: Systematic literature review<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objective: To critically analyze the literature and describe the complications associated with the use of allograft in 1- or 2- level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: A systematic search of PubMed\/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases was conducted for literature published between January 2000 and August 2020 reporting complications associated with the use of allograft in 1- or 2- level ACDF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: From 584 potentially relevant citations, 21 met the inclusion criteria (4 randomized controlled trials (RCT), 4 prospective, and 13 retrospective studies). The patient number varied between 26 and 463 in comparative studies (RCT and non-RCT) and between 29 and 345 in non-comparative studies. Fusion rate was reported in 14 studies and ranged between 68.5-100%. The most frequently reported complication was post-operative dysphagia or dysphonia, with incidences ranging between .5% and 14.4%. Revision surgery was the second most reported complication (14 studies) and ranged between 0% and 10.3%. Wound-related complications were reported in 6 studies and ranged between 0% and 22.8%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The overall reporting of complications was low with very few comparative studies. Reported complications with allografts are within the range of other osteobiologics and autografts and in most cases may not attributable to the use of osteobiologics and may be complications of the procedure itself. Comparative studies with a more robust methodology analyzing complications with allograft and other osteobiologics are needed to inform current practice with strong recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231173358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T09:53:21Z","timestamp":1709200401000},"page":"70-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Complications of the Use Allograft in 1- or 2-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6903-348X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Rodrigues-Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spinal Unit (UVM), Department of Orthopaedics, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade Do Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Hospital CUF Trindade, Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathish","family":"Muthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, India"},{"name":"Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spinal Unit (UVM), Department of Orthopaedics, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio Do Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4685-6106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Regional de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, BG Klinikum Bergmannstrost Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3838-1489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans J\u00f6rg","family":"Meisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, BG Klinikum Bergmannstrost Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern 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