{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:20:08Z","timestamp":1777659608382,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Study Design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Retrospective study.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report clinical characteristics and course of care for patients diagnosed with hematogenous spinal osteomyelitis (HVO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of patients presenting to two tertiary care centers with HVO were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      96 consecutive patients with HVO were identified. Mean follow-up was 8.9\u00a0months. Most infections occurred in the lumbar region (50.0%). Of the cultures taken, MRSA accounted for 9%; MSSA, 26%; Streptococcus species, 12%; other gram-positive bacteria, 23%; gram-negative, 17%; fungal, 2.6%; and 11.5% of cultures returned no growth. 57 patients underwent surgery. Of these\n                      <jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold>\n                      79% of the patients had undergone a trial of empiric antibiotics (cefepime and vancomycin) of the day prior to surgery\n                      <jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold>\n                      44% underwent secondary surgeries, typically due to a heavy wound burden of necrotic tissue and pus. Postoperative antibiotics were prescribed to all patients. 51.6% of the patients were prescribed antibiotic therapy &gt;6\u00a0months. Overall mortality rate was 3.8%. Major cause of all deaths was septic shock. Post-infection sequelae occurred in 47.4% of patients. The most common sequelae were persistent or new sites of infection, sepsis, and abscess.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes, hypertension, and renal failure appear to increase the risk of post-infection sequelae and death. While non-operative management was attempted in nearly 47%, ultimately 73% had surgery. This high rate may reflect our population of patients hospitalized in a tertiary care center. Available data suggests that patients presenting with hematogenous osteomyelitis be followed closely as failure of non-operative management, and resulting morbidity, was high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231188363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T16:56:50Z","timestamp":1688662610000},"page":"332-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of 96 Patients Presenting With Hematogenous Spinal Osteomyelitis- a Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3319-3270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eeric","family":"Truumees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Dell Medical School"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Dell Medical School"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calvin","family":"Chandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Dell Medical School"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devender","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Geck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Dell Medical School, Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Stokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ascension Texas Spine and Scoliosis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200007010-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198812000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/pl00011175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-013-0582-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0910753"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ482"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196042030-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2019.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Ameer MA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ameer MA, Knorr TL, Munakomi S, Mesfin FB. 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