{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T20:13:37Z","timestamp":1793391217647,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cadaveric anatomical studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to investigate the anatomical relationship between bony landmark \u201cV point\u201d, dural sac, nerve roots, and intervertebral disc for improving operative outcomes and decreasing post-operative complications in posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy or discectomy (PECF or PECD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>10 soft adult cadavers were studied. We measured the distance of the V point to the lateral margin of dural sac, V point to the inferior border of intervertebral disc, and the inferior border of cervical nerve root to the inferior border of intervertebral disc. Then we calculated the mean of distance from V point to the inferior border of cervical nerve root.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean distance from the V point to the lateral margin of dural sac from C3\/4 to C7\/T1 ranged from 3.1 \u00b1 1.38\u00a0mm to 3.37 \u00b1 1.46\u00a0mm. The mean distances from V point to the inferior border of intervertebral disc from C3\/4 to C7\/T1 were .19 \u00b1 1.16\u00a0mm at C3\/4, .45 \u00b1 1.23\u00a0mm at C4\/5, .43 \u00b1 1.01 at C5\/6, \u2212.43 \u00b1 1.86\u00a0mm at C6\/7 and \u22121.5 \u00b1 1.2\u00a0mm at C7\/T1. The mean distance between V point and the inferior border of cervical nerve root from C3\/4 to C7\/T1 showed all positive value, ranging from .06 \u00b1 1.18\u00a0mm to 4.45 \u00b1 2.57\u00a0mm, increasing caudally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In performing PECF or PECD, a 3-4\u00a0mm radius of bone removal should be enough for exposure and neural decompression at C3\/4 to C5\/6. At C6\/7 and C7\/T1 a more extensive bone cut of more than 4\u00a0mm is recommended, especially in cranial direction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231217251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T15:40:07Z","timestamp":1700494807000},"page":"2116-2123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Anatomical Relationship Between the Cervical Nerve Roots, Intervertebral Discs and Bony Cervical Landmark for Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy and Discectomy: A Cadaveric Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gun","family":"Keorochana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chakkraphan","family":"Tantrakansakun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinnawut","family":"Suriyonplengsaeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, The Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1941-2051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilan","family":"Jaipanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1670-8789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thamrong","family":"Lertudomphonwanit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pittavat","family":"Leelapattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pongsthorn","family":"Chanplakorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaiwat","family":"Kraiwattanapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, The Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-21925682231217251","first-page":"219256822110550","volume":"12","author":"Platt A","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"bibr2-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001327"},{"key":"bibr3-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2006.06.002"},{"key":"bibr4-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.03.099"},{"key":"bibr5-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003156"},{"key":"bibr6-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06637-8"},{"key":"bibr7-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.02.09"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-21925682231217251","first-page":"126","volume":"93","author":"Burke TG","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr9-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2001.95.1.0051","volume":"95","author":"Adamson TE","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"bibr10-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2021-0055"},{"key":"bibr11-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2016.1180245"},{"key":"bibr12-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4198-1"},{"key":"bibr13-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1296050"},{"key":"bibr14-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2158-6"},{"key":"bibr15-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040440.220"},{"key":"bibr16-21925682231217251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200002010-00005"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682231217251","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21925682231217251","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682231217251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:20:18Z","timestamp":1777447218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21925682231217251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21925682231217251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682231217251","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]}}}