{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:04:10Z","timestamp":1778828650533,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the role of TXA when used as topical soaked sponges (tTXA) on peri-operative blood loss and changes in hemoglobin following posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for neuromuscular and syndromic scoliosis (NMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single center review of NMS patients who underwent PSF was conducted. The initial set of patients where no tTXA (control) was used were compared to consecutive NMS patients in whom tTXA was used. In the tTXA group, sponges soaked in 1g TXA in 500\u00a0mL normal saline were packed in the wound instead of dry sponges. Estimated blood loss (EBL) was calculated intraoperatively using a standard way. Pre-operative, intra-operative and immediate post-operative variables were collected and compared between the 2 groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      33 patients were included (mean age- 13.5\u00a0yrs., BMI- 21, 17 patients in tTXA and 16 patients in control group). Pre-op demographic and radiographic variables were similar between the 2 groups. EBL, EBL per level, EBVL, operative time and number of levels fused were similar in both groups. tTXA group received less intra-operative pRBC transfusion as compared to the control group (150 \u00b1 214 vs 363 \u00b1 186 cc,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .004). No difference was noted in post-op blood transfusion and drain output for 3 days in both the groups. tTXA group had lesser hospital (5.1 vs 8.9\u00a0days) and ICU length of stay (2 vs 4.2 days) and fewer immediate post-operative complications (23.5 vs 52.9%) compared to the control group but not statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Administration of tTXA-soaked sponges is an effective and safe method to reduce intraoperative blood transfusion requirements in the correction of spinal deformity in patients with NMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682241234016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T08:18:46Z","timestamp":1707985126000},"page":"1270-1276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of Topical Tranexamic Acid on Blood Loss and Transfusion Requirements in Spinal Fusion for Neuromuscular and Syndromic Scoliosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Osvaldo","family":"Conde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"San Juan Bautista School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7666-8574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subaraman","family":"Ramchandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicklaus Children's Hospital Sports medicine and Spine institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ergin","family":"Coskun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicklaus Children's Hospital Sports medicine and Spine institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida International University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sassan","family":"Keshavarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tulane"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Errico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicklaus Children's Hospital Sports medicine and Spine institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nicklaus Children's Hospital Sports medicine and Spine institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpb.0000271321.10869.98"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200210010-00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01268"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1999.39060625.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199911000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006292"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000132513.88038.64"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01179"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.02.170"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20160301-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11209070-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009552"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.10.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-020-01236-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-021-00337-z"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","first-page":"224","article-title":"Prediction of blood volume in normal human adults","volume":"51","author":"Nadler S","year":"1962","unstructured":"Nadler S, Hidalgo J, Bloch T-. Prediction of blood volume in normal human adults. Surgery. 1962;51(2):224-232.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2018.02.003"},{"issue":"588","key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Tranexamic acid given into the wound reduces postoperative blood loss by half in major orthopaedic surgery","volume":"168","author":"Krohn CD","year":"2003","unstructured":"Krohn CD, S\u00f8rensen R, Lange JE, et al. Tranexamic acid given into the wound reduces postoperative blood loss by half in major orthopaedic surgery. Eur J Surg Suppl. 2003;168(588):57-61.","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002231"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13018-017-0672-2\/FIGURES\/4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008233"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2018.0125"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Combined topical and intravenous administration of tranexamic acid further reduces postoperative blood loss in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Dong Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong Y, Liang J, Tong B, et al. Combined topical and intravenous administration of tranexamic acid further reduces postoperative blood loss in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery: a randomized controlled trial. 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