{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:49:34Z","timestamp":1787064574462,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective Matched Cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite known consequences to the facet joints following lumbar total disc replacement (TDR), there is limited data on facet injection usage for persistent postoperative pain. This study uses real-world data to compare the usage of therapeutic lumbar facet injections as a measure of symptomatic facet arthrosis following single-level, stand-alone TDR vs anterolateral lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF\/LLIF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PearlDiver database was queried for patients (2010-2021) with lumbar degenerative disc disease who received either a single-level, stand-alone TDR or ALIF\/LLIF. All patients were followed for \u22652 years and excluded if they had a history of facet injections or spinal trauma, fracture, infection, or neoplasm. The two cohorts were matched 1:1 based on age, sex, insurance, year of operation, and medical comorbidities. The primary outcome was the use of therapeutic lumbar facet injections at 1-, 2-, and 5-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes included subsequent lumbar surgeries and surgical complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 1:1 matching, each cohort had 1203 patients. Lumbar facet injections occurred significantly more frequently in the TDR group at 1-year (6.07% vs 1.66%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001), 2-year (8.40% vs 3.74%%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001), and 5-year (11.47% vs 6.40%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001) follow-up. 5-year injection-free probability curves demonstrated an 87.1% injection-free rate for TDR vs 92.9% for ALIF\/LLIF. There was no clinical difference in the incidence of subsequent lumbar surgeries or complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with ALIF\/LLIF, patients who underwent TDR received significantly more facet injections, suggesting a greater progression of symptomatic facet arthrosis. TDR was not protective against reoperations compared to ALIF\/LLIF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682241260733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T04:34:42Z","timestamp":1718080482000},"page":"1733-1742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lumbar Total Disc Replacement Leads to Increased Subsequent Facet Injections Compared to Anterolateral Lumbar Interbody Fusions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6356-1433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nakul","family":"Narendran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5856-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Mikhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8041-5860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paal K.","family":"Nilssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Tuchman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6137-5576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David L.","family":"Skaggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000144833.63581.c1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"154","article-title":"Arthroplasty with intercorporal endoprothesis in herniated disc and in painful disc","volume":"357","author":"Fernstr\u00f6m U","year":"1966","unstructured":"Fernstr\u00f6m U. Arthroplasty with intercorporal endoprothesis in herniated disc and in painful disc. Acta Chir Scand Suppl. 1966;357:154-159","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2021.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","volume-title":"+5 Lumbar Artificial Discs to Know and 10 devices that you will probably never see again! Spine Market Group","author":"Spine Market Group","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spine Market Group. (Updated 2023): +5 Lumbar Artificial Discs to Know and 10 devices that you will probably never see again! Spine Market Group. Published May 7, 2023. Accessed November 14, 2023.https:\/\/thespinemarketgroup.com\/updated-2023-5-lumbar-artificial-discs-to-know-and-10-devices-that-you-will-probably-never-see-again\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"Summary of Safety and effectiveness of CHARITE artificial disc","unstructured":"Summary of Safety and effectiveness of CHARITE artificial disc. Accessed November 15, 2023.https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/cdrh_docs\/pdf4\/p040006b.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221079571"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","volume-title":"Medicare National Coverage Determinations. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (US)","year":"2009","unstructured":"National coverage determination (NCD) for Pharmacogenomic testing for Warfarin Response (90.1). In: Medicare National Coverage Determinations. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (US); 2009. Accessed November 15, 2023.https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK299386\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9050227"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199704000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200103150-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2004.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000157413.72276.c4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000195897.17277.67"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000206387.67098.a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1382-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200308000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d6f878"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000259071.64027.04"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0519-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2020\/23\/S129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001046"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","unstructured":"2022. NuVasive spine reimbursement and coding guide. Published online 2022. Accessed November 21 2023. NuVasive. https:\/\/www.nuvasive.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2022-NuVasive-spine-reimbursement-and-coding-guide.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2017.11.6.943"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000260795.57798.a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2606-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817b8fed"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003600"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012010-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560050503"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","first-page":"219","article-title":"Influence of facet and posterior muscle degeneration on clinical results of lumbar total disc replacement: two-year follow-up","volume":"18","author":"Le Huec JC","year":"2005","unstructured":"Le Huec JC, Basso Y, Aunoble S, Friesem T, Bruno MB. Influence of facet and posterior muscle degeneration on clinical results of lumbar total disc replacement: two-year follow-up. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2005;18(3):219-223","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318059af6f"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000260792.13893.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2301-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31826cadf2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-014-1445-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsp.2012.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","volume-title":"TOPS System \u2013 P220002","unstructured":"TOPS System \u2013 P220002. FDA. Published August 9, 2023. Accessed December 4, 2023.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/recently-approved-devices\/tops-system-p220002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001365"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004668"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004882"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000170587.32676.0e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000234782.89031.03"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/SASJ-2008-0019-RR"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2008.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.9.SPINE11498"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-023-05616-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220935813"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000347003.35690.7A"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2340"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.0320"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682241260733","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21925682241260733","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682241260733","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:20:47Z","timestamp":1777447247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21925682241260733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21925682241260733"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682241260733","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]}}}