{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:28:41Z","timestamp":1777660121028,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the independent predictive factors for moderate-severe pulmonary impairment (MSPI) among adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The preoperative pulmonary function tests (PFTs) of 102 AIS patients (\n                      <jats:italic>major Cobb angle \u226545<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00b0) operated between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the predicted\n                      <jats:italic>forced vital capacity (FVC)<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic>\n                      , respectively. Group 1 had normal\/ mild pulmonary impairment (\n                      <jats:italic>FVC or FEV<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>&gt;65% predicted<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) whereas Group 2 had MSPI (\n                      <jats:italic>FVC or FEV<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u226465% predicted)<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive factors for MSPI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      41.2% (N = 42) and 52.0% (N = 53) of the total patients were categorised into Group 2 (MSPI) based on predicted FVC and FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      , respectively. In general, Group 2 had more patients with a major main thoracic (MT) curve, larger MT curve with lower MT flexibility, a larger MT apical vertebra translation (MT-AVT), and a smaller thoracolumbar-lumbar (TL\/L) AVT than Group 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>P &lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>05<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). When analyzing the MT Cobb angle for every 10\n                      <jats:italic>\u00b0<\/jats:italic>\n                      increment, patients with MT Cobb angle \u226570\u00b0 had MSPI (N = 31.4%). Body mass index (BMI) (FVC: aOR .8; FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      : aOR .9) and MT Cobb angle (\n                      <jats:italic>for every 10\u00b0 increment<\/jats:italic>\n                      , FVC: aOR 1.7; FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      : aOR 1.8) were the significant independent predictive factors for MSPI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MSPI was evident in patients with MT Cobb angle \u226570\u00b0, with MT Cobb angle and BMI being the significant independent predictive factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682251321480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T06:41:16Z","timestamp":1739774476000},"page":"3172-3179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of Clinical and Radiological Predictive Factors for Moderate and Severe Pulmonary Impairment in 102 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) Patients With Major Cobb Angle \u226545\u00b0: A Study of an Asian Population"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sin Ying","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu Jie","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4198-1541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chee Kidd","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saturveithan","family":"Chandirasegaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd Shahnaz","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7245-0295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris Yin Wei","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9512-3155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mun Keong","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860000196"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01720610-200811000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2006.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07371-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1451-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4694-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f8c931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815a7b17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181b55ff4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.D.02209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000000601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200410135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL) with Ineligible Companies. Disclosure: Bhanusivakumar Sabbula Declares No Relevant Financial Relationships with Ineligible Companies. Disclosure: Marco Cascella Declares No Relevant Financial Relationships with Ineligible Companies","author":"Martinez-Pitre PJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Martinez-Pitre PJ, Sabbula BR, Cascella M. Restrictive lung disease. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL) with Ineligible Companies. Disclosure: Bhanusivakumar Sabbula Declares No Relevant Financial Relationships with Ineligible Companies. Disclosure: Marco Cascella Declares No Relevant Financial Relationships with Ineligible Companies. St. Petersburg, FL: StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2023."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000003731"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bpo.0000000000001350"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950040104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2017.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0095-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2018.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31825d97df"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17476348.2014.927317"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000196531"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682251321480","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/21925682251321480","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/21925682251321480","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:21:35Z","timestamp":1777447295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/21925682251321480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/21925682251321480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682251321480","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]}}}