{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:17:13Z","timestamp":1790083033271,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review and Meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, postoperative outcomes, and potential complications of using expandable cages in cervical spine surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A comprehensive search was performed across Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase up to May 22, 2023. Meta-analyses and subgrouping analyses were performed using \u201cOpenMetaAnalyst\u201d and R software to analyze efficacy outcomes and complications. The assessment of heterogeneity utilized the i\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      and chi-squared tests, applying the random effect model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty studies were included, with 22 eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled data showed a significant improvement in the Cobb angle, Nurick\u2019s score and modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) score. The pooled stability rate post-surgery was 0.94 based on 7 studies, but the stand-alone cages showed a lower stability rate (0.83). Fusion rate showed high success at 0.94 across 14 studies but also the fusion rate in the stand-alone group was lower (0.89) with substantial heterogeneity (I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 91.81%) suggests that stand-alone cages may not consistently achieve the same level of fusion as cages with anterior plating (fusion rate of 0.98, I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0%). Dysphagia was observed in 16% of patients, and hardware-related issues were reported in 9% of cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>expandable cages offer significant advantages in terms of fusion, stability, and neurological recovery. In particular, stand-alone expandable cages were associated with higher rates of complications, including dysphagia, subsidence, and hardware failure, compared to cages with anterior plating.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682251334030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T23:10:26Z","timestamp":1744672226000},"page":"3439-3456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Safety and Efficacy of Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Reconstruction With Expandable Cages for Treatment of Cervical Myelopathy-Focusing on Stand-Alone Cages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2702-4785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Mahmoud","family":"Abouelhamd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spine Department of Klinikum Fichtelgebirge - Marktredwitz, Marktredwitz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2444-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Marey","family":"Hesn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anas","family":"Elgenidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Alomari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamidiye International Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Al-mahdi","family":"Al-kurdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amer","family":"Helal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deapartment of Neurosurgery, BG Klinikum Bergmannstrost Halle, Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman Abdelaziz","family":"Elgharori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina Hesham","family":"Khattab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Addiction Department at Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3282-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Gomaa","family":"Farahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud Ragab","family":"Zaki Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7577-4105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Hussein","family":"Tohamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of Spine and Scoliosis Unit, Martin-Ulbrich-Haus Rothenburg, Rothenburg, Germany"},{"name":"Ligamenta Spine Center, Consultant of Endoscopic Spine Surgery, Frankfurt am Main, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-017-0854-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inat.2021.101234"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1726607"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000172158.31437.ce"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182764b37"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1246135"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280219889080"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","unstructured":"Study quality assessment tools | NHLBI NIH. 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