{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T16:39:59Z","timestamp":1793723999969,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide a concise review of outcomes of decompression and fusion (D + F) vs decompression (D) alone for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>6 articles were selected, including 3 randomized clinical trials (RCT), 2 meta-analyses, and 1 radiographic cohort study. Summarized factors affecting the outcomes of D + F vs D alone for DLS and provide expert level clinical recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ghogawala included DLS patients showing improved SF-36 scores (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.046) and lower re-operation rates (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.05) in D + F patients compared to D alone. Forsth, included patients with stenosis both with and without DLS, and showed no difference in any reported outcome measure or reoperation rate. Austevoll included DLS patients that found that D alone was non-inferior to D + F in the primary outcome measure of ODI reduction at 2-year after surgery. Gadjradi included studies showing higher morbidity in the D + F group, as compared to D alone. Shukla included studies which found there was no difference in the raw patient outcome scores at final follow-up. Blumenthal included DLS patients who received D and reported disc height of &gt;6.5\u00a0mm, facet angle &gt;50\u00b0, and dynamic motion &gt;1.25\u00a0mm were associated with high re-operation rates (45%, 39%, and 54% respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The RCT\u2019s and meta-analyses report contradictory conclusions and no blanket statement regarding the efficacy of D + F vs D alone can be made for all patients with DLS. Surgeons should closely review pre-operative imaging for signs of instability in order to better identify appropriate patients for each indication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682251336755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T12:00:23Z","timestamp":1749643223000},"page":"3046-3054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["AO Spine Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Surgical Management of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: When to Decompress Alone and When to Fuse"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2424-1274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4685-6106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan P.","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Regional de Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8128-0969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7052-0875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason P. Y.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4627-0992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waeel","family":"Hamouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Research and Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Neurological &amp; Spinal Surgery Service, Security Forces Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9111-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai V.","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4787-1538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip K.","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurosciences and Spine, Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7143-4354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sathish","family":"Muthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6317-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hardeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brain and Spine Institute, University of Connecticut Musculoskeletal Institute, Farmington, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A. R.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veranis","family":"Sotirios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, 251 General Air Force and Reserve Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Tavakoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Technologies, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"SpineLabs, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8024-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven Y.","family":"Vetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging and Navigation in Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5680-0643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zorica","family":"Buser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gerling Institute, Brooklyn, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2004-9448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas K.","family":"Demetriades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Diwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St George Hospital Campus, Kogarah, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7206-4842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick C.","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9983-3365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Vadal\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles G.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1010-6952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. Tim","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e079771","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-079771","article-title":"Decompression alone or with fusion for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Nordsten-DS): five year follow-up of a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority trial","volume":"386","author":"Kgomotso EL","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kgomotso EL, Hellum C, Fagerland MW, et al. Decompression alone or with fusion for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Nordsten-DS): five year follow-up of a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority trial. 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