{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T06:04:13Z","timestamp":1784613853580,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pathogenic variants in the dystrophin gene (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) cause dystrophinopathies. These variants can cause skeletal and cardiac involvement. Disease progression in skeletal muscle is characterized by fatty replacement, but whether similar processes occur in the myocardium remain unclear. Dixon cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can quantify myocardial fat fraction (FF). This study used Dixon CMR to quantify myocardial FF in patients with BMD and women carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene variants, and to explore associations with cardiac function, assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), age, and skeletal muscle FF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study included 20 patients with BMD, 27 women carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene variants, and 40 healthy controls who underwent three-point Dixon CMR to quantify myocardial FF. Muscle MRI was performed to assess lower-limb muscle FF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Myocardial FF did not differ significantly among the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.11); mean values were 10.0% in patients with BMD, 11.2% in women carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene variants, and 10.4% in healthy controls. Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences between patients with BMD and healthy men or between women carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene variants and healthy women. Myocardial FF was not associated with LVEF, age, or skeletal muscle FF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dixon CMR revealed no increase in myocardial FF in patients with BMD or women carrying\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">DMD<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene variants compared with healthy controls. Unlike skeletal muscle, myocardial remodeling in dystrophinopathies does not appear to be adipogenic and is likely predominantly fibrotic. Dixon CMR is useful for skeletal muscle imaging but has limited clinical use for myocardial assessment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/22143602261448701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T05:25:41Z","timestamp":1784611541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Myocardial fat fraction in Becker muscular dystrophy and women carrying pathogenic\n                    <i>DMD<\/i>\n                    gene variants assessed by Dixon cardiac MRI"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Lyu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rk","family":"Teitsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heini","family":"Joensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Buhl","family":"Hjortrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0014-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Slipsager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6457-1537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam Espe","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Vejlstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Vissing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3739-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nanna Scharff","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet"},{"name":"University of Copenhagen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00585-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2010.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20586"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(99)00018-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2018.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-10-50"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-16-45"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8547-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24599"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0828-282X(08)70686-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.707837"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.707838"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14113691"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08560-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64287-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev161"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.367"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22289"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-2025-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21657"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13395-021-00265-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(95)00374-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.31"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.858019"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00416"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-025-07816-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa084"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.146511"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2018.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.759585"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.012443"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2532082290"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/22143602261448701","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/22143602261448701","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/22143602261448701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T05:25:42Z","timestamp":1784611542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/22143602261448701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/22143602261448701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/22143602261448701","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-3599","2214-3602"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-3599","type":"print"},{"value":"2214-3602","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"article-number":"22143602261448701"}}