{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T21:52:23Z","timestamp":1793310743428,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Public Health Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a leading cause of mortality and disability in Nepal. Despite the scale of the problem, comprehensive province-level analyses covering recent years remain limited. This study describes the pattern of RTAs across all seven provinces of Nepal over four fiscal years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional record review was conducted using RTA records obtained from Nepal Traffic Police departments across all provinces. Records spanning fiscal years 2020\/21-2023\/24 AD were analysed. Variables extracted included province and year of incident, urban\/rural classification, driver age group, and vehicle type. Descriptive statistics were computed using SPSS version 20. Data for 2023\/24 cover only the first five months of the fiscal year and should be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 74,929 RTAs were recorded over the study period. Annual totals increased from 20,640 in 2020\/21 to a peak of 24,537 in 2021\/22, before declining modestly to 23,597 in 2022\/23. The Kathmandu Valley consistently recorded the highest accident burden (10,733 in 2021\/22; 10,675 in 2022\/23). Drivers aged 25\u201340 years accounted for the largest proportion of recorded driver involvements with known age (58,614; 50.2%), followed by those aged 16-25 years (34,886; 29.9%). Motorcycles and scooters were the most commonly involved vehicle type. Urban areas accounted for 30,401 accidents (59.0% of accidents with known location), though rural predominance was observed in Madhesh and Koshi provinces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RTAs in Nepal are concentrated among young and middle-aged adult drivers, predominantly involve two-wheeled vehicles, and exhibit marked urban-rural variation across provinces. These findings support age-targeted safety interventions, strengthened motorcycle helmet enforcement, and geographically differentiated road safety strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/22799036261486665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:28:00Z","timestamp":1788348480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pattern of road traffic accidents in Nepal: A cross-sectional record review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0330-0848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minani","family":"Gurung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olita","family":"Shilpakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisasha","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tribhuvan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bipsana","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tribhuvan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aakriti","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patan Academy of Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai Anjuk","family":"Lama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patan Academy of Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niranjan","family":"Panta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bibek","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hoseo University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3126\/bjhs.v4i2.25458"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30977-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","volume-title":"Population (in million)","author":"Central Bureau of Statistics","year":"2014","unstructured":"Central Bureau of Statistics. Population (in million). Central Bureau of Statistics, 2014, p. 33. Report No: 34."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","volume-title":"Annual report of Department of Health Services 2012\/2013","author":"Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal. Annual report of Department of Health Services 2012\/2013. MoHP, 2013. [cited 2026 Mar 20]. Available from: https:\/\/healthlinknepal.org\/uploads\/files\/Annual_Report_069-70_DoHS.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15212\/FMCH.2017.0111"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","volume-title":"Global status report on road safety 2018","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018. 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