{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T06:26:44Z","timestamp":1777789604829,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"RGC General Research Fund","award":["17100222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17100222"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Biomaterials &amp; Functional Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A stable copper tetraamine fluoride (CTF) with low cytotoxicity has been developed for dental use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against common microbes associated with dental caries and periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal\/fungicidal concentrations (MBC\/MFC) were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of CTF against eight common bacteria and one fungus associated with dental caries and periodontal disease. These nine microbes included cariogenic pathogens ( Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii and Candida albicans), pulpitis-related bacteria ( Enterococcus faecalis) and periodontal disease-related bacteria ( Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to examine the morphological changes of microbes with and without CTF treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MIC of CTF against nine microbes ranged from 80\u2009ppm ( Lacticaseibacillus casei) to 640\u2009ppm ( Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis). The MBC\/MFC ranged from 320\u2009ppm ( Lacticaseibacillus casei) to 2560\u2009ppm ( Candida albicans). TEM revealed abnormal curvature of cell membranes, disrupted cell membranes, cytoplasmic clear zone, and cytoplasmic content leakage of the microbes treated with CTF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CTF has antimicrobial effects against common oral pathogens and presents a promising antimicrobial agent to aid management of dental caries and periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/22808000241307803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T06:14:25Z","timestamp":1734502465000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antimicrobial properties of copper tetraamine fluoride"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Veena Wenqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iris Xiaoxue","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John Yun","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ollie Yiru","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Zahedul Islam","family":"Nizami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology and Bioengineering, The ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Hung","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2023.01.032"},{"key":"bibr2-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2020.103479"},{"key":"bibr3-22808000241307803","volume":"12","author":"Alghamdi F","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"bibr4-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545871"},{"key":"bibr5-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.12.004"},{"key":"bibr6-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.08.007"},{"key":"bibr7-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15124232"},{"key":"bibr8-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings13030483"},{"key":"bibr9-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2018-008"},{"key":"bibr10-22808000241307803","first-page":"152","volume":"32","author":"Fancher ME","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"bibr11-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15090274"},{"key":"bibr12-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0859"},{"key":"bibr13-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.12.004"},{"key":"bibr14-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-013-5422-8"},{"key":"bibr15-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic060175v"},{"key":"bibr16-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11030059"},{"key":"bibr17-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2024.105320"},{"key":"bibr18-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2021.103729"},{"key":"bibr19-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60031-2"},{"key":"bibr20-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2022.2037788"},{"key":"bibr21-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2020.105022"},{"key":"bibr22-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345231182675"},{"key":"bibr23-22808000241307803","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.50.4.353-380.1986"},{"key":"bibr24-22808000241307803","volume":"16","author":"Li Z","year":"2023","journal-title":"Streptococcus mutans. 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