{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:43:14Z","timestamp":1777880594564,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,1]],"date-time":"2010-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1280620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the morphologies of congenital C2\u20133 synostosis in 25 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiographs of 11 males and 14 females aged 5 to 74 years with congenital C2\u20133 synostosis were reviewed. All cases were found incidentally on radiographs when presenting with neck\/shoulder discomfort\/pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>13 of the patients had spondylosis in 21 segments: C1\u20132 (n=1) and C3\u20134 (n=1), C4\u20135 (n=7), C5\u20136 (n=9), and C6\u20137 (n=3). Of whom 12 had normal sagittal alignment and one had kyphotic synostosis (who developed compensatory hyperlordosis of the caudal mobile segments and subsequent spondylosis at C3\u20134 and C5 retrolisthesis). The remaining 12 patients had no spondylosis and had normal sagittal alignment, but had other associated pathologies including disc herniation at C3\u20134, C1 ring hypoplasia, and calcification of the nuchal ligament.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Normally aligned congenital synostosis of C2\u20133 is rarely associated with a junctional problem, whereas a kyphotic synostosis is associated with a caudal junctional problem. Spondylosis developing after age 40 years is not associated with C2\u20133 synostosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901001800203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,4]],"date-time":"2016-10-04T17:14:58Z","timestamp":1475601298000},"page":"143-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Radiographic Assessment of Congenital C2\u20133 Synostosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Myung-Sang","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bong-Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Lim","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-Fu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Taipei Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Wan","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 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