{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T02:29:55Z","timestamp":1781144995862,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]],"date-time":"2012-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in 30 patients with open fractures and correlate the levels with infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>29 men and one woman aged 9 to 70 (mean, 37) years presented with open fractures of the upper or lower extremity within 12 hours of injury and underwent debridement and external fixation 3 to 40 (mean, 16) hours after injury. Serum CRP and IL-6 concentrations were measured preoperatively and on postoperative days 2 and 4. CRP was measured using latex agglutination and nephelometry, and IL-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean CRP and IL-6 levels in infected and non-infected patients were compared. The trend of CRP and IL-6 levels within the infected group was analysed. Correlations between CRP and infection, and between IL-6 and infection were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>11 of the 30 patients developed wound infection. The day-2 CRP levels of 30 patients were positive (range, 7\u201328 \u03bcg\/ml). In 27 patients, the CRP levels were higher on day 2 than preoperation. On day 4, CRP levels declined sharply in patients without infection (mean, 8 \u03bcg\/ml) but were persistently elevated in patients with infection (mean, 17 \u03bcg\/ml). The sensitivity and specificity of the CRP test were 100% and 42%, respectively. In the 11 patients with infection, the IL-6 concentrations were elevated at day 2 (mean, 689 pg\/ml) and decreased progressively at day 4 (mean, 175 pg\/ml). The sensitivity and specificity of the IL-6 test were 90% and 100%, respectively. Infection correlated with CRP and IL-6 levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serial serum measurements of IL-6 and CRP levels help in the early diagnosis of infections after open fractures before they are clinically evident.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901202000325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,4]],"date-time":"2016-10-04T17:13:55Z","timestamp":1475601235000},"page":"381-385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 Levels in the Early Detection of Infection after Open Fractures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Balaji","family":"Douraiswami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedics and Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patro K","family":"Dilip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedics and Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BN","family":"Harish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedics and Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menon","family":"Jagdish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopaedics and Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 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