{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:45:21Z","timestamp":1777880721415,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the insertion torque and pullout strength of pedicle screws with or without repositioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>20 fresh porcine lumbar vertebrae of similar size were used. The entry point was at the site just lateral and distal to the superior facet joint of the vertebra, and to a depth of 35 mm. A 6.2-mm-diameter, 35-mm-long pedicle screw was inserted parallel to the superior end plate on one side as control. On the other side, an identical screw was first inserted 10\u00b0 caudal to the superior end plate, and then repositioned parallel to the superior end plate. The insertional torque and pullout strength were measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three of the specimens were excluded owing to pedicle fractures during the pullout test. Repositioned pedicle screws were significantly weaker than controls in terms of the maximum insertional torque (3.20\u00b10.28 vs. 2.04\u00b10.28 Nm, 36% difference, p\u00b10.01) and pullout strength (1664\u00b1378 vs. 1391\u00b1295 N, p\u00b10.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Repositioning pedicle screws should be avoided, especially when the pedicle wall is breached. If repositioning is deemed necessary, augmentation with polymethyl methacrylate or a screw with a larger diameter should be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901402200223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,4]],"date-time":"2016-10-04T17:13:55Z","timestamp":1475601235000},"page":"224-227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Insertional Torque and Pullout Strength of Pedicle Screws with or without Repositioning: A Porcine Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chun Ee","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Penang Hospital, Penang, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret Woon Man","family":"Fok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith Dip Kei","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth Man Chee","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000138268.12324.1a"},{"key":"bibr2-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949900301100113"},{"key":"bibr3-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949900801600302"},{"key":"bibr4-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d1021a"},{"key":"bibr5-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901101900313"},{"key":"bibr6-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200204150-00005"},{"key":"bibr7-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318160ae29"},{"key":"bibr8-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901101900329"},{"key":"bibr9-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000087743.57439.4F"},{"key":"bibr10-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-007-0363-4"},{"key":"bibr11-230949901402200223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han W, Gao ZL, Wang JC, Li YP, Peng X, Rui J, Pedicle screw placement in the thoracic spine: A comparison study of computer-assisted navigation and conventional techniques. 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