{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:11:42Z","timestamp":1787505102317,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Valgus-impacted femoral neck fractures treated with internal fixation occasionally result in unsatisfactory postoperative locomotive function, partially due to muscle shortening and a decrease in the moment arm. This study quantifies the degree of diminished abduction strength both clinically and biomechanically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen patients were enrolled in this study. Twelve patients with fracture healed in valgus-impacted position were further evaluated. Muscular strength around hip was examined, and values between the nonoperated and operated side were compared and analyzed. For the biomechanical study, two three-dimensional models were prepared: model I (control model without displacement) and model II (simulated malunion of a 15\u00b0 valgus-impacted fracture). Two sets of hip flexion angles in each of the models were simulated with flexion angles of 0\u00b0 and 23\u00b0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean and standard deviation values for muscle strength from the nonoperative\/operative side among the valgus group are as follows: flexion strength was 9.2 \u00b1 4.0\/9.2 \u00b1 3.2, extension strength was 5.8 \u00b1 2.8\/6.1 \u00b1 3.2, abduction strength at 0\u00b0 was 9.1 \u00b1 3.7\/7.4 \u00b1 3.6, abduction strength at 10\u00b0 was 6.7 \u00b1 3.0\/5.5 \u00b1 2.2, and knee extension strength was 15.3 \u00b1 6.2\/15.1 \u00b1 6.0 (kgf). When comparing values between the nonoperative and operative sides, statistical significance was only observed in abduction strength ( p &lt; 0.01). The biomechanical models prove that valgus impaction decreases the moment arm by approximately 10% at both flexion angle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant decrease in abductor strength at 0\u00b0 and 10\u00b0 was observed in the valgus-healed group. This may be related to a decrease in the moment arm. Further research should be done to define the acceptable limit of deformity for the satisfactory postoperative functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499017716070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T06:44:00Z","timestamp":1498113840000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Diminished abductor muscular strength in patients with valgus-impacted femoral neck fractures treated by internal fixation: Clinical study and biomechanical considerations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mitsuaki","family":"Noda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Saegusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayasu","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuma","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimami","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Konan Hospital, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kobe University Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-0695-6.00006-5"},{"key":"bibr2-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B4.15764"},{"key":"bibr3-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-006-0243-3"},{"key":"bibr4-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01750"},{"key":"bibr5-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.09.047"},{"key":"bibr6-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B11.20582"},{"key":"bibr7-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B6.7593096"},{"key":"bibr8-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.26.15"},{"key":"bibr9-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2011.2612"},{"key":"bibr10-2309499017716070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-799X-6-6"},{"key":"bibr11-2309499017716070","volume-title":"Muscles 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