{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:37:13Z","timestamp":1777671433144,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been used in the treatment of multiple types of cancer. Pazopanib is one of the TKIs and is considered a first-line treatment for adult patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Many endocrine-related adverse effects have been noted with the use of TKIs including hypothyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, altered bone density, secondary hyperparathyroidism, abnormal glucose metabolism, gynecomastia, and hypogonadism. Subclinical glucocorticoid deficiency and adrenal insufficiency have been reported with the use of TKIs in only a few cases so far; thus, its true prevalence and clinical significance have yet to be fully elucidated. The mechanism is still not fully understood; however, adrenal toxicity with hemorrhage and\/or necrosis of the adrenal glands has been observed in studies. In this article, we describe the first reported case of pazopanib inducing primary adrenal insufficiency in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after the exclusion of all other causes of primary adrenal insufficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2324709620936808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T08:25:35Z","timestamp":1593073535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors\u2019 Newly Reported Endocrine Side Effect: Pazopanib-Induced Primary Adrenal Insufficiency in a Patient With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6372-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghada","family":"Elshimy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Phoenix VA Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Phoenix VA Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-018-0264-8"},{"key":"bibr2-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.3012"},{"key":"bibr3-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.23.9764"},{"key":"bibr4-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.5046"},{"key":"bibr5-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4085"},{"key":"bibr6-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00133.2005"},{"key":"bibr7-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1301331110"},{"key":"bibr8-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35077225"},{"key":"bibr9-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(02)80600-1"},{"key":"bibr10-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-011-0197-2"},{"key":"bibr11-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.04.014"},{"key":"bibr12-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2771"},{"key":"bibr13-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28715"},{"key":"bibr14-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.05.017"},{"key":"bibr15-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2328"},{"key":"bibr16-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623308326151"},{"key":"bibr17-2324709620936808","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01856.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2324709620936808","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2324709620936808","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2324709620936808","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:00:35Z","timestamp":1777449635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2324709620936808"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2324709620936808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2324709620936808","relation":{},"ISSN":["2324-7096","2324-7096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2324-7096","type":"print"},{"value":"2324-7096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"article-number":"2324709620936808"}}