{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:39:42Z","timestamp":1777671582357,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a very rare disease and it is usually considered a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2013related B-cell lymphoma that carries a poor prognosis. It mostly involves the oral cavity, lungs, nasal cavity, gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, and skin. Therapeutic regimens like dose-adjusted etoposide, vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone (DA-EPOCH) have shown better results in these aggressive lymphomas. We report a rare case of PBL in an HIV-negative patient who presented to the clinic with a complaint of left testicular swelling for 3 months. Ultrasound showed an enlarged left testicle. He underwent a left orchiectomy and the pathology showed PBL with involvement of the spermatic cord margin. Positron emission tomography scan showed hypermetabolic mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. He was started on DA-EPOCH but showed no response. Accordingly, salvage therapy with bortezomib in addition to ifosfamide carboplatin and etoposide (B-ICE) chemotherapy was initiated with remarkable response. Several other regimens can be used in the refractory setting; however, the evidence is mostly based on retrospective analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23247096211017423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T06:55:51Z","timestamp":1621925751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Testicular Plasmablastic Lymphoma in an HIV-Negative Patient: A Rare Case Presentation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6827-7741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kemnasom","family":"Nwanwene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noman Ahmed Jang","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Alsharedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2011.59"},{"key":"bibr2-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-10-567479"},{"key":"bibr3-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2017.09.020"},{"key":"bibr4-23247096211017423","first-page":"3598547","volume":"2016","author":"Akce M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep Hematol"},{"key":"bibr5-23247096211017423","volume":"96","author":"Lin LM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"bibr6-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.4.1413"},{"key":"bibr7-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.06.009"},{"key":"bibr8-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/BLCTT.S142814"},{"key":"bibr9-23247096211017423","first-page":"2907317","volume":"2019","author":"Kessler AJ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Case Rep Hematol"},{"key":"bibr10-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21250"},{"key":"bibr11-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sajc.sajc_186_16"},{"key":"bibr12-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7184.156743"},{"key":"bibr13-23247096211017423","volume":"2018","author":"Diaz R","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"bibr14-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800355"},{"key":"bibr15-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2016-0232-RA"},{"key":"bibr16-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2017.1416365"},{"key":"bibr17-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.3808"},{"key":"bibr18-23247096211017423","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13300"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23247096211017423","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23247096211017423","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23247096211017423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:01:12Z","timestamp":1777449672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23247096211017423"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23247096211017423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23247096211017423","relation":{},"ISSN":["2324-7096","2324-7096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2324-7096","type":"print"},{"value":"2324-7096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"article-number":"23247096211017423"}}