{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:52:57Z","timestamp":1777672377928,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Emphysematous gastritis (EG) is a rare form of gastritis with a high mortality rate caused by gas-forming organisms that infect the stomach wall. Due to the rarity of the condition, no established management guidelines exist. Historically, surgical exploration was favored, but more recently, the management has shifted to a non-surgical approach with antibiotics, gastric decompression, and bowel rest. Here, we detail the case of a 55-year-old male with EG in which medical management alone led to the complete resolution of his illness without complication. This case supports the efficacy of a medical management strategy for EG and highlights the duration of empiric antibiotics, the role for gastric decompression, bowel rest, and parenteral nutrition, and may guide a future standardized approach to treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23247096251365750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T10:55:57Z","timestamp":1755082557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medical Management for Emphysematous Gastritis: Is It Time for a Standardized Approach?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4946-3543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Adam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aron","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, University of Missouri\u2014Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0740-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Islam","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fouad","family":"Jaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nisha","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Roman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadeddin","family":"Esmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, University of Missouri\u2014Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","article-title":"Emphysematous gastritis: a case series on a rare but critical gastrointestinal condition","volume":"15","author":"Qasim A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qasim A, Penikelapate S, Sosa F, et al. Emphysematous gastritis: a case series on a rare but critical gastrointestinal condition. Cureus. 2023;15(12):e50409.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"001749","article-title":"Emphysematous gastritis in the setting of chronic abdominal pain","volume":"7","author":"Alameri A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alameri A, Al Hillan A, Museedi AS, et al. Emphysematous gastritis in the setting of chronic abdominal pain. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 2020;7(9):001749.","journal-title":"Eur J Case Rep Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2016.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.10.2021.142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2022.08.046"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","article-title":"Conservative management of suspected emphysematous gastritis","volume":"14","author":"Mackay TG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mackay TG, Phan DH, Mantha PS, et al. Conservative management of suspected emphysematous gastritis. Cureus. 2022;14(11):e31995.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","article-title":"Role of conservative management in emphysematous gastritis","volume":"2018","author":"Nemakayala DR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nemakayala DR, Rai MP, Rayamajhi S, et al. Role of conservative management in emphysematous gastritis. Case Rep. 2018;2018:bcr2017222118.","journal-title":"Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","article-title":"Medical management of emphysematous gastritis","volume":"2","author":"Ghasemi F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ghasemi F, Kirkpatrick I, Sharma A. Medical management of emphysematous gastritis. Ann Intern Med Clin Cases. 2023;2(1):e220799.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med Clin Cases"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","article-title":"Emphysematous gastritis: a real indication for emergent surgical intervention?","volume":"12","author":"Riaz S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Riaz S, Kudaravalli P, Saleem SA, et al. Emphysematous gastritis: a real indication for emergent surgical intervention? Cureus. 2020;12(5):e8106.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","article-title":"Conservative management of emphysematous gastritis with gastric mucosal ischaemia: a case report","volume":"15","author":"Bak MA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bak MA, Rajagopalan A, Ooi G, et al. Conservative management of emphysematous gastritis with gastric mucosal ischaemia: a case report. Cureus. 2023;15(2):e34656.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","article-title":"A case report of successful medical management of emphysematous gastritis with portal venous air","volume":"14","author":"Dweik A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dweik A, Rasheed W, Mohammed BU, et al. A case report of successful medical management of emphysematous gastritis with portal venous air. Cureus. 2022;14(5):e25095.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/jchimp.v6.30519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-021-01425-3"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","article-title":"A case of gastric emphysema: incidental findings or serious illness","volume":"12","author":"Reyes JV","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reyes JV, Alluri RS, Ahmed AK, et al. A case of gastric emphysema: incidental findings or serious illness. Cureus. 2020;12(11):e11568.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0000786092.46055.9e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52633-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","article-title":"Conservative management of gastric emphysema with hepatoportal venous gas","volume":"2015","author":"Tang CM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tang CM, Yarandi SS, Laxton WH, et al. 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