{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:11:28Z","timestamp":1777853488733,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>HIV care providers in the United States must counsel clients about disclosure to sexual partners and report anyone who is suspected of noncompliance. This study compared provider attitudes and practices in relation to counseling clients about mandatory disclosure in North Carolina and Alabama, the 2 states with similar HIV epidemiology but different laws for HIV control. Personal interviews were conducted with 20 providers in each state (n = 40). The results were analyzed in a qualitative, cross-comparison method to identify patterns of convergence or difference. Providers in both states believed that clients often failed to notify sexual partners and were secretive if questioned about disclosure. Differences in counseling styles and procedures for each state were noteworthy. Compared to Alabama, North Carolina had harsher penalties for nondisclosure, stricter and more standardized procedures for counseling, and providers expressed greater support for HIV criminalization. Although most North Carolina providers viewed the stricter standards as beneficial for HIV care and control, Alabama providers were likely to view such standards as a barrier to patient care. These results indicated a direct relation between state HIV law, provider attitudes, and counseling procedures for mandatory disclosure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2325957413494481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T21:43:24Z","timestamp":1374270204000},"page":"372-378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["\u201cNotify Your Partners\u2014It\u2019s the Law\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bronwen","family":"Lichtenstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminal Justice, University of AlabamaTuscaloosa, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Whetten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Policy & Inequalities Research, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Rubenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodist Union of Social Agencies (MUSA), Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2325957413494481","volume-title":"No magic bullet: A social history of venereal disease in the United States Since 1880","author":"Brandt AM.","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr2-2325957413494481","volume-title":"Chicago\u2019s War on Syphilis, 1937-40: The times, the \u201cTrib,\u201d and the clap doctor","author":"Poirier S","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr3-2325957413494481","unstructured":"Flaubert G. Flaubert\u2019s dictionary of received ideas. New York: New Directions: 1954, revised 1968."},{"key":"bibr4-2325957413494481","unstructured":"Reif S, Whetten K, Wilson I, Gong W. HIV\/AIDS epidemic in the South reaches crisis proportions in the United States [Internet]. Durham: Duke University; 2012. Available from: http:\/\/globalhealth.duke.edu\/news\/2011\/ResearchReportFinal3-12.pdf. Accessed December 02, 2012."},{"key":"bibr5-2325957413494481","volume-title":"New York: Ending and defending against HIV criminalization: State and federal laws and prosecutions","author":"Center for HIV Law &amp; Policy [Internet]"},{"key":"bibr6-2325957413494481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300664"},{"key":"bibr7-2325957413494481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121003668078"},{"key":"bibr8-2325957413494481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.5.578"},{"key":"bibr9-2325957413494481","volume-title":"Public health law: Power, duty, restraint","author":"Gostin LO","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr10-2325957413494481","volume-title":"Prosecuting HIV: Take the test, risk arrest?","author":"Strub S"},{"key":"bibr11-2325957413494481","unstructured":"The Black AIDS Institute [Internet]. New York: Passing the test: The challenges and opportunities of HIV testing in Black America; 2009: 68 [updated June 2009]. 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Available from: http:\/\/www.southernaidscoalition.org\/Southern+States+Manifesto-+Update+2012.pdf. Accessed December 3, 2012."},{"key":"bibr18-2325957413494481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000163597.44078.19"},{"key":"bibr19-2325957413494481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31817d2f97"},{"key":"bibr20-2325957413494481","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] [Internet]. HIV\/AIDS statistics and surveillance: Basic statistics; 2012:6 p. Available from:  http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/topics\/surveillance\/basic.htm. Accessed October 2, 2012."},{"key":"bibr21-2325957413494481","unstructured":"U.S. Office of National AIDS Policy [Internet]. National HIV\/AIDS policy. Washington: The Whitehouse; 2010 [updated December 19, 2012]:1. Available from: http:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/administration\/eop\/onap\/nhas\/. 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