{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:09:33Z","timestamp":1787314173637,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Persons living with HIV (PLHIV) may experience disability. We compared disability among PLHIV in the United States and South Africa and investigated associations with health and demographic characteristics. Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data using medical records and questionnaires including the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS) 2.0 12-item version (range: 0-36, with higher scores indicative of more severe disability). Between-country differences for the presence of disability were assessed with logistic regression and differences in severity using multiple regression. Eighty-six percent of US participants reported disability, compared to 51.3% in South Africa. The mean WHO-DAS score was higher in the United States (12.09 \u00b1 6.96) compared to South Africa (8.3 \u00b1 6.27). Participants with muscle pain, depression, or more years since HIV diagnosis were more likely to report disability. Being female or depressed was associated with more severity. Being adherent to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and employed were associated with less severity. Because muscle pain and depression were predictive factors for disability, treatment of those problems may help mitigate disability in PLHIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2325958219850558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]],"date-time":"2019-05-21T04:56:22Z","timestamp":1558414582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Functional Limitations and Disability in Persons Living with HIV in South Africa and United States: Similarities and Differences"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8032-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Kietrys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Blackwood, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hellen","family":"Myezwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Lou","family":"Galantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"},{"name":"Physical Therapy Program, School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Scott","family":"Parrott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Blackwood, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Blackwood, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Hanass-Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2325958219850558","unstructured":"Statistics South Africa. 2017. ww.statssa.gov.za\/?m=2017 Accessed May 2019."},{"key":"bibr2-2325958219850558","unstructured":"CDC.gov. 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