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Unfortunately, high levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy are required to maintain virologic suppression. Alternative approaches are being explored to decrease the burden of daily pill administration, including long-acting injectable, oral, and implantable products. Phase 3 data support the efficacy of nanoformulated injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine for HIV treatment in patients with undetectable viremia, but we have yet to learn how this strategy may benefit those with medication adherence challenges. Despite this, the affected community and HIV providers are very interested in exploring the role of long-acting therapies to address some types of barriers to medication adherence. This review summarizes available information about the potential for long-acting therapy to improve adherence for some patients and outlines associated opportunities and challenges with the implementation of long-acting therapy for the treatment and prevention of HIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582211009011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T03:46:37Z","timestamp":1619495197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["The Promise of Improved Adherence With Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy: What Are the Data?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Kimberly K.","family":"Scarsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5826-6037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Swindells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.02.003"},{"key":"bibr2-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1110855"},{"key":"bibr3-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31821188ad"},{"key":"bibr4-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2017-001258"},{"key":"bibr5-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.10.013"},{"key":"bibr6-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.03.011"},{"key":"bibr7-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcn130"},{"key":"bibr8-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201632"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr9-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21638","volume":"64","author":"Curtis JR","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"bibr10-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.119"},{"key":"bibr11-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S53795"},{"key":"bibr12-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2018.16.4.361"},{"key":"bibr13-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1114-0"},{"key":"bibr14-23259582211009011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02743.x"},{"key":"bibr15-23259582211009011","unstructured":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. 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