{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:20:03Z","timestamp":1790209203745,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yale University FLAGS grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Research has begun to examine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategies within the Ghanaian context. Still, little is known about specific populations such as gay, bisexual, and other cisgender men who have sex with men (GBMSM) living in slum communities. We studied HIV prevention strategies such as condoms and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in slum communities and the awareness and willingness to use these choices among GBMSM. This qualitative study examines HIV prevention strategies, specifically examining PrEP and condom use behaviors among GBMSM in Ghana. Methods: We conducted in-depth face-to-face interviews among 12 GBMSM from slums in Accra and Kumasi cities in Ghana. Data were analyzed through a summative content analysis with multiple reviewers to develop codes. Data were collected from participants in January 2022. Results: We found the fear and perceived risk of infection were motivators for consistent condom use, especially during anal sex. GBMSM living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy were more inclined to use condoms. We found motivations for using PrEP were influenced by the type of sexual activity and a history of negative HIV status. Also, the barriers to PrEP for GBMSM included limited access to healthcare facilities and the distance to these facilities. Conclusions: To improve condom and PrEP access and uptake, we recommend addressing structural barriers by increasing the number of health facilities and implementing targeted interventions to address the lack of information on HIV awareness and prevention. Involving peer educators may also effectively promote HIV prevention strategies, especially in communities with limited access to healthcare such as slums. Overcoming these access constraints could significantly enhance awareness and prevention of HIV, leading to improved health outcomes for GBMSM living in slum communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582231209649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T02:45:23Z","timestamp":1699325123000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Awareness and Willingness to use Condoms and Preexposure Prophylaxis among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Cisgendered Men who Have sex with men in Slum Communities in Ghana. BSGH-004"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Gamji Rabiu","family":"Abu-Ba\u2019are","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA"},{"name":"Behavioral, Sexual and Global Health Lab, School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA"},{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3127-9596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osman Wumpini","family":"Shamrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA"},{"name":"Behavioral, Sexual and Global Health Lab, School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8115-9125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amos","family":"Apreku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George Rudolph Kofi","family":"Agbemedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral, Sexual and Global Health Lab, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edem Yaw","family":"Zigah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral, Sexual and Global Health Lab, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver C.","family":"Ezechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2630-602X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"LaRon E.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"},{"name":"School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwasi","family":"Torpey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23259582231209649","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.03.059"},{"key":"bibr2-23259582231209649","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102682"},{"key":"bibr3-23259582231209649","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17020636"},{"key":"bibr4-23259582231209649","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000580"},{"key":"bibr5-23259582231209649","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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