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This study investigated the effects of music and counseling programs on mental health and treatment adherence of AYA-PHIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a randomized controlled study, the participants were assigned to the Music and Counseling Program (Arm 1), the Music Program (Arm 2), the Counseling Program (Arm 3), and a no-intervention group (Arm 4). Before and after 10 weekly sessions of a 90-minute study intervention, ART adherence and mental health questionnaires were completed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After the intervention, Arm 1 participants had a significantly increased median self-esteem score (17-25,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.05). A significantly decrease in mean Thai-IHSS scores were observed in Arm 1 and 3 participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study demonstrated that music and counseling programs improved self-esteem and reduced internalized HIV-related stigma in AYA-PHIV. Most participants reported better ART adherence and improved virologic outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582261439584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T10:08:38Z","timestamp":1775556518000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Music and Counseling Programs on Mental Health and Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence of Adolescents and Young Adults Living With HIV in Northern Thailand, a Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2910-970X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chintana","family":"Khamrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6787-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rattika","family":"Thammalangka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiang Mai University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2043-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalunyu","family":"Kotchawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrace Counseling Service &amp; Psychological, Chiang Mai, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4476-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nakhon","family":"Khamrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Music and Dance, Faculty of Architecture and Fine Art, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0246-8187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Aurpibul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6545-6437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakkrit","family":"Klaphajone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiang Mai University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2238-4941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teerawan","family":"Teerapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5273-4976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natthapol","family":"Kosashunhanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences Research, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"},{"name":"Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"UNICEF. 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