{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:10:16Z","timestamp":1779365416120,"version":"3.53.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemsex, sexual activity under the influence of psychoactive substances, remains a major public health concern for men who have sex with men (MSM) globally. In Malaysia's conservative context, the convergence of chemsex and HIV transmission presents complex challenges. This narrative review examines how the Covid-19 pandemic and extended lockdown disrupted HIV services and intensified psychosocial stressors, amplifying chemsex, HIV, and mental health issues among Malaysian MSM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of international databases (2018-2025) identified relevant studies through keyword screening of articles, abstracts, and full texts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Findings:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Covid-19 lockdown exacerbated psychosocial stressors such as isolation and minority stress, altered chemsex patterns, and increased drug use. Disruption of HIV testing and treatment delayed diagnoses and potentially heightened transmission, while PrEP uptake remained low (18.3%) despite awareness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pandemic intensified syndemic interactions concerning chemsex, HIV, and mental health. Urgent, integrated, person-centered intervention is needed to address this multifaceted crisis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582261447929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:23:36Z","timestamp":1779200616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Syndemic Effects of Covid-19 Lockdown on Chemsex and HIV Among MSM in Malaysia: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1421-5590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin KM","family":"Thain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEV8 Malaysia, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Global AIDS Monitoring Report 2025: Malaysia","author":"Ministry of Health Malaysia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Malaysia. Global AIDS Monitoring Report 2025: Malaysia. Ministry of Health Malaysia; 2024, Available from Green and Gold Modern Business Proposal."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Malaysia Country Progress Report on HIV\/AIDS 2019","author":"Ministry of Health Malaysia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Malaysia. Malaysia Country Progress Report on HIV\/AIDS 2019. Ministry of Health Malaysia; 2019. Available from: https:\/\/www.moh.gov.my\/moh\/resources\/Penerbitan\/Laporan\/Umum\/Report_GAM_2019_(Final).pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Information on Drugs 2019","author":"National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia","year":"2019","unstructured":"National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia. Information on Drugs 2019. National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia; 2019, Available from: Informations On Drugs 2019 - National Anti-Drugs Agency."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","volume-title":"Information on Drugs 2024","author":"National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia","year":"2024","unstructured":"National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia. Information on Drugs 2024. National Anti-Drugs Agency Malaysia; 2024, Available from: Informations On Drugs 2023 - National Anti-Drugs Agency."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2023.2266086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010294"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1422775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","volume-title":"A Qualitative Scoping Review of Sexualised Drug Use (including Chemsex) of Men who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Asia","author":"Newland J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Newland J, Kelly-Hanku A. A Qualitative Scoping Review of Sexualised Drug Use (including Chemsex) of Men who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Asia. APCOM; 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610220000770"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624231213113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-024-02868-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/28311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13064"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2016.1178252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2017.1359707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/603a2a94-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/43318"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259582261447929","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23259582261447929","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259582261447929","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:46:21Z","timestamp":1779363981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23259582261447929"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23259582261447929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259582261447929","relation":{},"ISSN":["2325-9582","2325-9582"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2325-9582","type":"print"},{"value":"2325-9582","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"article-number":"23259582261447929"}}