{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:26:34Z","timestamp":1777879594089,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knot tying is a crucial component of successful arthroscopic shoulder surgery. It is currently unknown whether sliding or nonsliding techniques result in superior clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic sliding knot (SK)\u2013 versus nonsliding knot (NSK)\u2013tying techniques during arthroscopic shoulder surgery, including rotator cuff repair, Bankart repair, and superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) repair.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. All English-language literature published between 2000 and 2018 reporting clinical outcomes utilizing SK- or NSK-tying techniques during rotator cuff repair, Bankart repair, and SLAP repair with a minimum 24-month follow-up was reviewed by 2 independent reviewers. Information on type of surgery, knot used, failure rate, patient satisfaction, and patient-reported outcomes was collected. Patient-reported outcome measures included the Constant-Murley score, Rowe score, and visual analog scale for pain. Study quality was evaluated using the modified Coleman Methodology Score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 9 studies (6 level 3 and 3 level 4) with a total of 671 patients (mean age, 52.8 years [range, 16-86 years]; 65.7% male; 206 SK and 465 NSK) were included. There were 4 studies that reported on Bankart repair in 148 patients (63 SK and 85 NSK), 3 on SLAP repair in 59 patients (59 SK), and 2 on rotator cuff repair in 464 patients (84 SK and 380 NSK). Also, 6 studies compared knot-tying with knotless techniques (3 Bankart repair studies and 3 SLAP repair studies), while the studies reporting the outcomes of SLAP repair evaluated SK-tying techniques only. The failure rate for Bankart repair was 3.2% (2\/63) for SKs and 4.7% (4\/85) for NSKs. The failure rate for rotator cuff repair was 2.4% (2\/84) for SKs and 6.3% (24\/380) for NSKs. The failure rate for SLAP repair was 11.9% (7\/59). Because of inconsistencies in outcomes and procedures, no quantitative analysis was possible. The mean modified Coleman Methodology Score for all studies was 65.1 \u00b1 8.77, indicating adequate methodology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The literature on clinical outcomes using SKs or NSKs for shoulder procedures is limited to level 4 evidence. Future studies should be prospective and focus on comparing the use of SKs and NSKs for shoulder procedures to elucidate which arthroscopic knot results in superior clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120911646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T10:52:29Z","timestamp":1587725549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sliding or Nonsliding Arthroscopic Knots for Shoulder Surgery: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Caellagh D.","family":"Morrissey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darby A.","family":"Houck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric C.","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan T.","family":"Bravman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Seidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Wolcott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armando F.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine and 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