{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:01:45Z","timestamp":1788343305198,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>College-level American football injury data are routinely collected; however, data relating to American football injuries at universities in the United Kingdom have never been reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the epidemiology of UK university American football injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiology study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An online survey tool was used to collect the injury data of 410 players from 56 UK university teams who participated in the 2014-2015 British Universities and College Sports American football season. Survey data were collected from January to February 2016 and were analyzed to determine the incidence and patterns of injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 710 injuries and 204 concussions were self-reported among the 410 participants, of which 334 (81.5%) were injured and 131 (32.0%) experienced concussion symptoms. The rate of injury per 100 athlete-seasons was greater in defensive players (195.3) than offensive players (155.1). The most common injuries were knee and ankle ligament injuries. Most injuries were classified as severe (time loss of &gt;4 weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UK university American football injuries differ markedly from those reported for US colleges. UK university players appear to have less playing experience, greater concussion risks, more severe injuries, and a greater proportion of injuries in defensive players versus offensive players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120960206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T13:14:29Z","timestamp":1603977269000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Epidemiology of American Football Injuries at Universities in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Bayram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David F.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2325967120960206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.10.2.160"},{"key":"bibr2-2325967120960206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726708094863"},{"key":"bibr3-2325967120960206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-004-0158-5"},{"key":"bibr4-2325967120960206","unstructured":"Bristol Online Surveys. 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