{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:25:14Z","timestamp":1787775914848,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spring-like behavior of the leg and the joints of the lower body during running are thought to influence a wide range of physiologic and mechanical phenomena, including susceptibility to overuse injury. If leg and joint stiffness are associated with running-related injuries, altering joint or leg stiffness may be a useful avenue for injury rehabilitation and injury prevention programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To test the associations between running-related injury and leg stiffness, knee stiffness, and ankle stiffness in a prospective study of recreational runners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 49 healthy recreational runners took part in a year-long study. Participants completed a 3-dimensional kinematic and kinetic biomechanical assessment at baseline and reported training volume and injury status in a weekly survey during the follow-up period. Relationships between stiffness and injury were assessed at the level of individual legs (n = 98) using spline terms in Cox proportional hazards models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During follow-up, 23 participants (29 legs) sustained injury. The median time to injury was 27 weeks (53.27 hours of training). Relative injury rate as a function of knee stiffness displayed a weak and nonsignificant U-shaped curve ( P = .187-.661); ankle and leg stiffness displayed no discernable associations with relative injury rate (leg stiffness, P = .215-.605; ankle stiffness, P = .419-.712).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leg and joint stiffness may not be important factors in the development of running-related injuries. Moderate changes in leg and joint stiffness are unlikely to substantially alter injury risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211011213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T11:33:26Z","timestamp":1621942406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Leg Stiffness, Joint Stiffness, and Running-Related Injury: Evidence From a Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"suffix":"IV","given":"John J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"H.H. Morris Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health\u2013Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison H.","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H.H. Morris Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health\u2013Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(89)90020-1"},{"key":"bibr2-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(90)90054-7"},{"key":"bibr3-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12883"},{"key":"bibr4-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.04.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr5-23259671211011213","first-page":"698","volume":"14","author":"Buchheit M","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"key":"bibr6-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(03)00071-8"},{"key":"bibr7-23259671211011213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"bibr8-23259671211011213","unstructured":"Carruthers AS, Farley CT. 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