{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:32:56Z","timestamp":1777879976611,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tape-type suture material is well-accepted in arthroscopy surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the knot security of a high\u2013tensile strength round suture and high\u2013tensile strength tape with commonly used arthroscopic knots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controlled laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared the performance of No. 2 braided nonabsorbable high-strength suture with that of 1.3-mm braided nonabsorbable high-strength tape. Five commonly used arthroscopic knots were investigated: the Roeder knot; the Western knot; the Samsung Medical Center (SMC) knot; the Tennessee knot; and a static surgeon\u2019s knot. Seven knots were tied for each combination of knots and suture types. Knots were tied on a 30-mm circumferential metal post, and the suture loops were transferred to a materials testing machine. After preloading to 5 N, all specimens were loaded to failure. The clinical failure load, defined as the maximal force to failure at 3 mm of crosshead displacement, yield load, and stiffness, were recorded. A 2-way analysis of variance was used to determine differences between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both suture type and knot type significantly affected the clinical failure load, yield load, and stiffness ( P = .002). The high-strength tape resulted in a significantly greater clinical failure load than the high-strength suture in the case of the Roeder knot, Western knot, and SMC knot ( P = .027, .005, and .016, respectively). When the high-strength round suture was used, the Roeder knot, Western knot, and SMC knot resulted in significantly smaller clinical failure loads compared with the Tennessee knot ( P = .011, .003, and .035, respectively) and the static surgeon\u2019s knot ( P &lt; .001 for all). When the high-strength tape was used, the Roeder knot, Western knot, and SMC knot resulted in significantly smaller clinical failure loads compared with the static surgeon\u2019s knot ( P =\u00a0.001, .001, and .003, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study indicated that arthroscopic knots tied using 1.3-mm high-strength tape biomechanically outperformed knots tied using a No. 2 high-strength suture. While the static surgeon\u2019s knot exhibited the best biomechanical properties, the Tennessee knot resulted in generally better biomechanical properties among the arthroscopic sliding knots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elongation and loosening of tied knots possibly affects the clinical results of repaired constructs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211039554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T20:33:26Z","timestamp":1634157206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Knots Tied With High\u2013Tensile Strength Tape Biomechanically Outperform Knots Tied With Round Suture"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chih-Kai","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao-Chun","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai-Lan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fa-Chuan","family":"Kuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueh","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sin Lau Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Long","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."},{"name":"Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ren","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."},{"name":"Skeleton Materials and Bio-compatibility Core Lab, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."},{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center, Innovation Headquarter, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bibr1-23259671211039554","first-page":"S\u2013B14","volume":"31","author":"Baumgart 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