{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:32:51Z","timestamp":1777879971654,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few studies have investigated the biomechanical performance of flat-braided suture tapes versus round-braided sutures after being knotted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the loop security and knot strength of a standard round-braided suture with 3 commercially available flat-braided suture tapes using 2 types of arthroscopic knots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controlled laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One standard suture (SS) and 3 suture tapes (T1, T2, and T3) were tied with the surgeon\u2019s knot (SK) and the Tennessee slider (TS), 25 times each, by a single surgeon. Each combination of knots and sutures underwent a preload, cyclic loading, and load to failure. Outcomes were loop security (defined by loop stretch after a 5-N preload), load at clinical failure (3 mm of displacement), and load at ultimate failure (suture rupture or knot slippage). Two-way analysis of variance was used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the SK group had greater overall loop security than that of the TS group (0.4 \u00b1 0.3 vs 0.5 \u00b1 0.3 mm of stretch, respectively; P = .020). The clinical failure load varied by suture type ( P &lt; .001) but not knot type ( P = .106). For both knot types, the SS had the lowest mean \u00b1 SD clinical failure load (SK, 171 \u00b1 49 N; TS, 176 \u00b1 37 N), which was significantly less than that of T2 (247 \u00b1 85 N; P &lt; .001) and T3 (251 \u00b1 96 N; P &lt; .001) for the SK type and T2 (231 \u00b1 67 N; P = .023) for the TS type. T2 sutures had the greatest ultimate failure load for both knot types (SK, 418 \u00b1 45 N; TS, 461 \u00b1 57 N), which was significantly greater than SS, T1, and T3 ( P &lt; .001 for all). The TS knot had greater overall ultimate failure load than the SK (375 \u00b1 64 vs 350 \u00b1 66 N; P &lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not all suture tape knots had the same biomechanical properties, although knot security and strength appeared to be adequate for all suture tapes as well as for SS. There was no evidence that suture tape knots are lower profile than SS knots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgeons should not use suture tape based only on the assumption that it has superior biomechanical properties to a standard round-braided suture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211045411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T13:48:31Z","timestamp":1634737711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Are Suture Tape Knots as Secure as Standard Suture? A Biomechanical Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Rapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise M.","family":"Koueiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Bojnowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Kalma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Wiater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Kurdziel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Wiater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(00)90037-9"},{"key":"bibr2-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.04.012"},{"key":"bibr3-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2003.21"},{"key":"bibr4-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514535554"},{"key":"bibr5-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3478-0"},{"key":"bibr6-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23187"},{"key":"bibr7-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.03.053"},{"key":"bibr8-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117701212"},{"key":"bibr9-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.03.005"},{"key":"bibr10-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.02.005"},{"key":"bibr11-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.11.008"},{"key":"bibr12-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2011.09.005"},{"key":"bibr13-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.04.008"},{"key":"bibr14-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.03.004"},{"key":"bibr15-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.01.010"},{"key":"bibr16-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512446676"},{"key":"bibr17-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20120327-16"},{"key":"bibr18-23259671211045411","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(96)90171-1"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259671211045411","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23259671211045411","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259671211045411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:58:34Z","timestamp":1777593514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23259671211045411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23259671211045411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671211045411","relation":{},"ISSN":["2325-9671","2325-9671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2325-9671","type":"print"},{"value":"2325-9671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"article-number":"23259671211045411"}}