{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T20:58:31Z","timestamp":1793221111146,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are few data on injuries suffered by collegiate water polo athletes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the epidemiology of injuries suffered by National College Athletic Association (NCAA) male and female water polo players by using injury surveillance data over a 5-year period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive epidemiology study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deidentified data on all water polo injuries and illnesses recorded in the Pac-12 Sports Injury Research Archive from July 2016 through June 2021 were obtained and analyzed. Three men\u2019s and 4 women\u2019s teams were observed for the entire 5-year period, and 1 men\u2019s and 1 women\u2019s team was observed from July 2018 through June 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the observation period, 729 injuries were recorded in the database, with no differences in overall injury rates between male and female athletes (relative risk [RR] = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.9-1.2); 33.7% of injuries required a physician encounter, and 3.6% required surgery. The shoulder was the most injured body part, making up 20.6% of all injuries, followed by the head\/face (18.8%) and hand\/wrist\/forearm (11.7%). Shoulder tendinopathy was the most common shoulder injury diagnosis (4.5% of all injuries). Concussion was the most common injury diagnosis overall, making up 11.4% of injuries, and 81.9% of concussions occurred outside of competition. Male athletes were significantly more likely than female athletes to have a concussion in an off-season practice (RR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.2-8.8) and via contact with another player (RR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3-6.4). Half of the 26 surgical procedures occurring over the observation period were for chronic joint trauma of the groin\/hip\/pelvis\/buttock, with 9 of those 13 being for femoroacetabular impingement specifically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among NCAA water polo athletes, the shoulder was the most injured body part; however, shoulder injuries rarely required missed time from sport or necessitated surgical intervention. Concussions were the most common injury diagnosis, had the worst return-to-play outcomes among common diagnoses, and were mostly sustained outside of competition. Femoroacetabular impingement was found to be the dominant diagnosis for which surgical intervention was required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221110208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T13:00:41Z","timestamp":1658408441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Injuries Affecting Intercollegiate Water Polo Athletes: A Descriptive Epidemiologic Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Grant G.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"McClintick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Trikha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Thomas J.","family":"Kremen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120906825"},{"key":"bibr2-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2016.00098"},{"key":"bibr3-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216369"},{"key":"bibr4-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2020.03.008"},{"key":"bibr5-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2021-001081"},{"key":"bibr6-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003220"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr7-23259671221110208","first-page":"194","volume":"42","author":"Dick R","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr8-23259671221110208","first-page":"281","volume":"48","author":"Frani\u0107 M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Croat Med J"},{"key":"bibr9-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.11.030"},{"key":"bibr10-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118790764"},{"key":"bibr11-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.18801"},{"key":"bibr12-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2018.12.001"},{"key":"bibr13-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119861959"},{"key":"bibr14-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118820046"},{"key":"bibr15-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094423"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr16-23259671221110208","first-page":"390","volume":"19","author":"Kim HC","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sport Sci Med"},{"key":"bibr17-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhps\/hnaa009"},{"key":"bibr18-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.08.015"},{"key":"bibr19-23259671221110208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099349"},{"key":"bibr20-23259671221110208","unstructured":"NCAA Men\u2019s Water Polo Championship History. 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