{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:17:53Z","timestamp":1777933073407,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682899200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reconstruction is the gold standard treatment for medial ulnar collateral ligament (MUCL) injuries. However, recent studies show a successful and renewed interest in direct suture repair, particularly in young athletes. Repair augmentation with a suture tape may provide greater stability, enabling healing of the MUCL while protecting the repair at higher valgus loads.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on whether MUCL repair with augmentation provides a similar biomechanical profile to the traditional MUCL reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, PubMed, Medline, and Embase were used to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria with the following search terms: (\u201culnar collateral ligament\u201d OR \u201cmedial ulnar collateral ligament\u201d) AND (\u201cinternal brace\u201d OR \u201caugmentation\u201d OR \u201csuture tape\u201d). Data pertaining to certain biomechanical properties (gap formation, failure to torque [ultimate load to failure], stiffness, degree of valgus opening, and modes of failure) were extracted. The pooled outcome data were analyzed by random- and fixed-effects models. A total of 203 abstracts were identified through the aforementioned databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After abstract and full-text screening, 6 biomechanical studies were included. All were on cadaveric elbows, with 53 repairs with augmentation and 53 reconstructions compared. There were no differences between the 2 in regard to ultimate load to failure (standard mean difference [SMD], \u20130.34 N\u00b7m; 95% CI, \u20131.36 to 0.68; P = .51) and rotational stiffness (SMD, 0.26; 95% CI, \u20131.14 to 1.66; P = .72). Despite a trend in resistance to gapping with augmented repair, this was not significant (SMD, \u20130.53; 95% CI, \u20131.08 to 0.01; P = .06). Augmented repairs were more likely to fail by pullout or at the suture-tendon\/anchor-suture interface (odds ratio [OR], 12.19; 95% CI, 4.17 to 35.62; P &lt; .00001), while failure by fracture was more common with reconstruction (OR, 5.75; 95% CI, 2.07 to 15.99; P = .0008).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MUCL augmented repair establishes the required time-zero structural properties without the need for a tendon graft. However, future clinical studies are necessary to determine its true effectiveness as well as its success at higher levels of professional sport.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231158373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T12:38:50Z","timestamp":1683031130000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair With Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Khalis","family":"Boksh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pranav","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, 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