{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:50:37Z","timestamp":1777881037075,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reconstruction of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL) is necessary to restore stability in chronic lesions on the medial side of the knee. The Lind technique uses a single-strand, pedicled semitendinosus tendon autograft to perform continuous reconstruction of the MCL and POL. The LaPrade technique uses 2 free grafts: 1 graft for the MCL (double-strand semitendinosus tendon graft) and 1 graft for the POL (double-strand gracilis tendon graft).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the LaPrade and Lind techniques in restraining tibial translation and rotation induced by MCL + POL transection, simulating a grade 3 medial-side injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controlled laboratory study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 18 fresh-frozen cadaveric lower limbs (mean age, 75 years [range, 62-94 years]; 14 men and 4 women), disarticulated at the hip, were examined. The MCL and POL of each knee were isolated. Each knee was subjected, at 30\u00b0 of flexion, to anterior force up to 200 N and torque (internal and external tibial rotation) up to 5 N\u00b7m and measured with a laximeter (repeatability of motion within \u00b10.1 mm and \u00b10.1\u00b0) in the following states: intact knee, MCL Transection, MCL + POL transection, and finally MCL + POL reconstruction with either the Lind (9 knees) or LaPrade (9 knees) technique. The results were registered as laxity curves (in millimeters and degrees) after each state and then calculated as laxity increases (in millimeters and degrees) from the intact state. Residual laxity after reconstruction was presented as absolute values (Laxity Reconstructed \u2013 Laxity Intact [in millimeters or degrees]) and as relative values (Laxity Reconstructed \u2013 Laxity Intact \/ Laxity Transected \u2013 Laxity Intact \u00d7 100 [in percentages]). The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality, analysis of variance with the post hoc Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, and the Student\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test were used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In anterior tibial translation (ATT), the knees reconstructed with the Lind technique had a residual laxity of 0.70 \u00b1 0.82 mm (66.7% \u00b1 36.8%) compared with 1.21 \u00b1 1.12 mm (78.1% \u00b1 33.8%) using the LaPrade technique (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). In internal rotation, the knees reconstructed with the Lind technique had a residual laxity of 0.92\u00b0\u00b1 0.79\u00b0 (32.5% \u00b1 34.7%) compared with 0.98\u00b0\u00b1 0.60\u00b0 (35.9% \u00b1 27.4%) using the LaPrade technique. In external rotation, the knees reconstructed with the Lind technique had a residual laxity of 0.48\u00b0\u00b1 0.60\u00b0 (17.8% \u00b1 20.5%) compared with 1.21\u00b0\u00b1 1.41\u00b0 (30.3% \u00b1 29.9%) using the LaPrade technique (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MCL and POL reconstruction with either the Lind or LaPrade technique improved sagittal and rotatory stability compared with injured knees. The Lind technique had significantly less laxity in external rotation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001) and ATT (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .012) than the LaPrade technique. However, residual laxity in ATT and external rotation was low and may not be clinically significant. There was no significant difference in internal rotation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = &gt; .05). This is the first biomechanical study, to our knowledge, comparing these 2 \u201cclassic\u201d techniques.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Lind and LaPrade techniques did not restore native stability in translation and rotation. We believe that technical improvements or new techniques are essential for better knee control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671251389124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T21:48:16Z","timestamp":1767131296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is the Lind or LaPrade Technique Able to Control Anterior and Rotational Laxity in Medial-Side Knee Injuries? A Controlled Laboratory Study of 18 Knees"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9955-6856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Drouineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6580-4102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baptiste","family":"Guegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Common","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Cojean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3593-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henri","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier du Haut Anjou, Ch\u00e2teau-Gontier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06133-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-06084-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465241251462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465241251463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221096464"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2022.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465231224477"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medntd.2023.100254"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509347996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07135-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20160427-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508322890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.12038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465231187043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513485716"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2061-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509332498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2023.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519868961"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jeo2.70026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465221090612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","volume-title":"The Knee: Form, Function, and Ligament Reconstruction","author":"M\u00fcller W.","year":"2012","unstructured":"M\u00fcller W. 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