{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:53:22Z","timestamp":1777881202566,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Loose body removal and debridement remain common indications for elbow arthroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To (1) identify trends in elbow arthroscopy versus open procedures for loose body removal and debridement among American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Part II Oral Examination candidates and (2) compare the use of elbow arthroscopy among candidates with different fellowship training backgrounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A search of the ABOS Part II Oral Examination case list database was performed for elbow arthroscopy and open debridement Current Procedural Terminology codes between 2011 and 2021. Cases were stratified according to fellowship training data found in the ABOS Part II case list database. Annual rates of elbow procedures, patient demographics, surgeon geographic location, and complications were collected. Statistically significance was determined using chi-square testing, Fisher exact test or 2-tailed\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1443 procedures, 1147 (79.5%) arthroscopic and 296 (20.5%) open, were identified and included. A decrease in arthroscopic cases was observed while open cases remained steady. Arthroscopic cases were performed in a younger patient population (39 \u00b1 18.5 vs 41.7 \u00b1 17.3 years respectively;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02). The plurality of cases were performed by sports medicine fellowship\u2013trained surgeons (n = 506; 35.1%), followed by hand and upper extremity fellowship\u2013trained surgeons (n = 440; 30.5%) and shoulder and elbow fellowship\u2013trained surgeons (n = 365; 25.3%). Sports medicine fellowship\u2013trained surgeons performed the greatest proportion of arthroscopic cases (n = 482\/506; 95.3%). In general, complication rates were lower following arthroscopic versus open procedures (surgical complications: 8.6% vs 27.7%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001; readmissions: 0.7% vs 2.0%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .04; reoperations: 1.6% vs 3.7%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02). Specifically, commonly associated complications including arthrofibrosis and nerve injury were also lower following arthroscopic procedures (stiffness\/arthrofibrosis: 29.3% vs 34.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001; nerve injuries: 1.7% vs 5.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study of patients treated by ABOS Part II Oral Examination candidates, with the largest population of patients undergoing elbow arthroscopy to date, rates of elbow arthroscopy have decreased over the past decade, although surgeons with sports medicine, hand and upper extremity, and\/or shoulder and elbow fellowship training demonstrate a proclivity toward arthroscopic rather than open procedures. Overall rates of complication were lower following arthroscopic approaches in this cohort of surgeons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671261425647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:20:53Z","timestamp":1775128853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arthroscopic Versus Open Elbow Debridements Among ABOS Part II Candidates: A Decline in Arthroscopic Volume yet Fewer Complications After Arthroscopic Procedures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1351-5842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Gavalas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5784-9473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Sandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Bacak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3400-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Scanaliato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Hettrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carthage Area Hospital, Carthage, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6989-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nata","family":"Parnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carthage Area Hospital, Carthage, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221137863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-8063(85)80038-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-016-4186-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2019.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200810000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2016.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2021.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmr.2021.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.11.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-010-1334-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arthroscopy in osteochondral pathology of the elbow: indications, treatment and complications","volume":"33","author":"Logroscino G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Logroscino G, Saracco M, Goderecci R, Paglia A, Calvisi V. Arthroscopy in osteochondral pathology of the elbow: indications, treatment and complications.\u2009J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2019;33(2)(suppl 1):1-7.","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2021.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2023.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-024-03842-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20100225-09"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"103","article-title":"Utilization of arthroscopy during ankle fracture fixation among early career surgeons: an evaluation of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II oral examination database","volume":"42","author":"Shamrock AG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shamrock AG, Khazi ZM, Carender CN, Amendola A, Glass N, Duchman KR. Utilization of arthroscopy during ankle fracture fixation among early career surgeons: an evaluation of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II oral examination database. Iowa Orthop J. 2022;42(1):103-108.","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asmr.2022.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117730570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2020.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.10.007"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259671261425647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23259671261425647","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23259671261425647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:35:56Z","timestamp":1777595756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23259671261425647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23259671261425647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671261425647","relation":{},"ISSN":["2325-9671","2325-9671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2325-9671","type":"print"},{"value":"2325-9671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"article-number":"23259671261425647"}}