{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T06:55:27Z","timestamp":1793343327538,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is frequently followed by significant quadriceps atrophy and strength loss due to postoperative pain and the necessity for low-load rehabilitation. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training is an emerging modality that may facilitate muscle strength and hypertrophy under low-load conditions, but its efficacy for improving functional outcomes after ACLR remains to be conclusively determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the effects of BFR training on lower limb function, quadriceps strength, and knee pain in patients following ACLR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PEDro, EBSCO and CNKI for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2015 and August 2025. A total of 606 records were identified through database searching, and 9 RCTs were included after screening. Data on functional scores (Lysholm, International Knee Documentation Committee [IKDC]), quadriceps peak torque (PT), pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), and range of motion (ROM) were extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.4, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Meta-analyses were performed using weighted mean differences (WMDs) with fixed- or random-effects models as appropriate, and heterogeneity was assessed using the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nine RCTs involving 372 participants were included. Meta-analysis revealed that BFR training significantly improved Lysholm scores (WMD, 5.75; 95% CI, 0.60-10.90;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .03) and quadriceps PT (WMD, 8.34; 95% CI, 7.47-9.22;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .00001), and increased total work output (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .006). However, no significant differences were observed in IKDC scores, VAS pain scores, or ROM (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; .05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the primary findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrated that BFR training may promote early recovery of quadriceps strength and selected aspects of knee function after ACLR under low-load conditions. BFR appears feasible and generally well tolerated in the included trials; however, safety conclusions are limited by inconsistent adverse-event reporting. Its effects on pain relief, joint mobility, and long-term functional recovery require further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671261440196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T13:23:35Z","timestamp":1783517015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Blood Flow Restriction Training After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0928-4740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhui","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedics Department, Bayi Orthopedic Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co. Ltd. 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Effect of routine muscle strength rehabilitation training combined with blood flow restriction training on knee joint function, quadriceps femoris function and balance function of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 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