{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:09:59Z","timestamp":1791295799505,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of the King\u2019s Daughters\u2019 Department of Pediatrics Chairman\u2019s Grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Neurology Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study aimed to describe shunt malfunction symptoms in children \u22645 years old. Results: In a national survey of 228 caregivers, vomiting (23.1%), irritability (20.8%), and sleepiness (17.2%) were the most frequent symptoms of malfunction. These symptoms also occurred in over 1\/3 of \u201cfalse alarms\u201d experienced by 75% of respondents. Compared with malfunctions, irritability (OR\u2009=\u20091.39, 95% CI [1.05, 1.85], p\u2009=\u20090.022) and fever (OR\u2009=\u20092.22, 95% CI [1.44, 3.44], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were more likely false alarms. Caregivers counseled about \u201cmost\u201d symptoms were more confident detecting malfunctions than those informed of \u201csome\u201d (p\u2009=\u20090.036). The majority of caregivers (85%) first contacted a neurosurgeon with concerns about malfunction, followed by neurologists (22%) and family\/friends (19%). Most (85%) struggled to differentiate malfunction from regular development. Conclusions: Vomiting, irritability, and sleepiness were the most common symptoms of shunt malfunction and false alarms for children \u22645 years. Most caregivers reported challenges differentiating malfunctions from their child's development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2329048x231153513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T01:37:13Z","timestamp":1678325833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Symptoms of Cerebrospinal Shunt  Malfunction in Young Children:  A National Caregiver Survey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4865-0435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Dorner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research Institute, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns, San Diego, CA, USA"},{"name":"Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6253-775X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica E.","family":"Lemmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8319-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Turaj","family":"Vazifedan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee D.","family":"Boss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA"},{"name":"Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Phoebe R. 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