{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:36:51Z","timestamp":1792013811086,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014653","name":"NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIHR203308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203308"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trends in Hearing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hearing aid verification with real-ear measurement (REM) is recommended in clinical practice. Improvements, over time, in accuracy of manufacturers\u2019 initial fit mean the benefit of routine REM for new adult users is unclear. This registered, double-blinded, randomized, mixed-methods clinical trial aimed to (i) determine whether new adult hearing aid users prefer initial or real-ear fit and (ii) investigate the reasons for preferences. New adult hearing aid users ( n\u2009=\u200945) were each fitted with two programs: the initial fit and real-ear fit, both with adjustments based on immediate feedback from the patient. Participants were asked to complete daily paired-comparisons of the two programs with a magnitude estimation of the preference, one for each of clarity\/comfort in quiet\/noise as well as overall preference. The results revealed gain adjustment requests were low in number and small in magnitude. Deviation from NAL-NL2 targets (after adjustment for a 65\u2005dB SPL input) was close to zero, except at high frequencies where real-ear fits were around 3\u2005dB closer to target. There was no difference in clarity ratings between programs, but comfort ratings favored initial fit. Overall, 10 participants (22%) expressed a preference for real-ear fit. Reasons for preference were primarily based on comfort with the initial fit and clarity with real-ear fit. It may be acceptable to fit new adult users with mild-to-moderate hearing loss without the need for REMs, if the primary outcome of interest is user preference. It remains to be seen if the findings generalize to other fitting software, other outcome measures and more severe hearing loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23312165231189596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T04:31:04Z","timestamp":1699504264000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Listening Preferences of New Adult Hearing Aid Users: A Registered, Double-Blind, Randomized, Mixed-Methods Clinical Trial of Initial Versus Real-Ear Fit"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4043-7234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Almufarrij","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Dillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneela","family":"Greval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin J","family":"Munro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.18.8.3"},{"key":"bibr2-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1059-0889(2012\/11-0008)"},{"key":"bibr3-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.23.10.3"},{"key":"bibr4-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216521999563"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr5-23312165231189596","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"American Academy of Audiology Task Force Committee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Audiol Today"},{"key":"bibr6-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1084713811424884"},{"key":"bibr7-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr8-23312165231189596","unstructured":"British Standards Institution and European Standard. (2015).\n                      BS EN 60118-0:2015: Electroacoustics. Hearing aids-Measurement of the performance characteristics of hearing aids\n                      . London, England."},{"key":"bibr9-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1741117"},{"key":"bibr10-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2020.1839679"},{"key":"bibr11-23312165231189596","volume":"23","author":"Caswell-Midwinter B.","journal-title":"Trends in Hearing"},{"key":"bibr12-23312165231189596","volume":"23","author":"Caswell-Midwinter B.","journal-title":"Trends in Hearing"},{"key":"bibr13-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3342\/kjorl-hns.2018.00052"},{"key":"bibr14-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199504000-00005"},{"key":"bibr15-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000277"},{"key":"bibr16-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1059-0889(2001\/001)"},{"key":"bibr17-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1718707"},{"key":"bibr18-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2014.938782"},{"key":"bibr19-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000366"},{"key":"bibr20-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2018.1543958"},{"key":"bibr21-23312165231189596","volume-title":"Hearing aids","author":"Dillon H.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr22-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_AJA-21-00195"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr23-23312165231189596","first-page":"354","volume":"31","author":"Folkeard P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"bibr24-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1748460"},{"key":"bibr25-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2010.506889"},{"key":"bibr26-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.22.7.5"},{"key":"bibr27-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020500266803"},{"key":"bibr28-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1084713812468511"},{"key":"bibr29-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/audiores.2011.e24"},{"key":"bibr30-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802178722"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr31-23312165231189596","volume":"49","author":"King A. M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"bibr32-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2016.1256504"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr33-23312165231189596","first-page":"8","volume":"5","author":"Kuk F.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hearing Review"},{"key":"bibr34-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2013.769066"},{"key":"bibr35-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-33036-5_9"},{"key":"bibr36-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2015.1104736"},{"key":"bibr37-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2022.2053594"},{"key":"bibr38-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000157"},{"key":"bibr39-23312165231189596","unstructured":"NHS England. (2016).\n                      Commissioning services for people with hearing loss: A framework for clinical commissioning groups\n                      : NHS England. Accessed June 15, 2022, from https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/HLCF.pdf"},{"key":"bibr40-23312165231189596","unstructured":"Oticon. (2017).\n                      Where do our prescribed values come from?\n                      : Oticon. Accessed May 23, 2022, from https:\/\/www.oticon.com\/professionals\/audiology-students\/education-and-information\/fitting-tips\/tips\/2017\/august-2017\u2014fitting-tip"},{"key":"bibr41-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.16150"},{"key":"bibr42-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216519900589"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr43-23312165231189596","first-page":"24","volume":"21","author":"Sanders J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hearing Review"},{"key":"bibr44-23312165231189596","first-page":"58","volume":"3","author":"Schweitzer C.","year":"1999","journal-title":"High Performance Hearing Solutions"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr45-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2016.1254823","volume":"49","author":"Scollie S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"bibr46-23312165231189596","unstructured":"The British Society of Audiology. (2018a).\n                      Practice guidance: Guidance on the verification of hearing devices using probe microphone measurements\n                      . Seafield, England. British Society of Audiology. https:\/\/www.thebsa.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/REMS-2018.pdf"},{"key":"bibr47-23312165231189596","unstructured":"The British Society of Audiology. (2018b).\n                      Recommended procedure: Pure-tone air-conduction and boneconduction threshold audiometry with and without masking\n                      . Seafield, England. British Society of Audiology. https:\/\/www.thebsa.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/OD104-32-Recommended-Procedure-Pure-Tone-Audiometry-August-2018-FINAL.pdf"},{"key":"bibr48-23312165231189596","unstructured":"The British Society of Audiology. (2022).\n                      Recommended procedure: Ear examination\n                      . Seafield, England. British Society of Audiology. https:\/\/www.thebsa.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/OD104-54-BSA-Recommended-Procedure-Ear-Examiniation-February-2022.pdf"},{"key":"bibr49-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2016.1197427"},{"key":"bibr50-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.17005"},{"key":"bibr51-23312165231189596","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774519827957"}],"container-title":["Trends in Hearing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23312165231189596","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23312165231189596","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23312165231189596","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:48:08Z","timestamp":1777596488000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23312165231189596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23312165231189596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23312165231189596","relation":{},"ISSN":["2331-2165","2331-2165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2331-2165","type":"print"},{"value":"2331-2165","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"article-number":"23312165231189596"}}