{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:20:42Z","timestamp":1793046042246,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000389","name":"British Renal Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["validation of energy expenditure equation in patie"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["validation of energy expenditure equation in patie"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Both frailty and cachexia increase mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients. The clinical frailty score (CFS) is a seven-point scale and less complex than other cachexia and frailty assessments. We wished to determine the characteristics of frail HD patients using the CFS. Methods: Single centre cross-sectional study of HD patients completing physical activity questionnaires with bioimpedance measurements of body composition and hand grip strength (HGS). Results: We studied 172 HD patients. The CFS classified 54 (31.4%) as frail, who were older (70.4\u00b112.2 vs 56.2 \u00b1 16.1 years, p &lt; 0.001), greater modified Charlson co-morbidity (3 (2\u20133) versus 1.5 (0\u20133), p &lt; 0.001), and body fat (33 (25.4\u201340.2) versus 26.2 (15.8\u201334) %, p &lt; 0.01), but lower total energy expenditure (1720 (1574\u20131818) versus 1870 (1670\u20132194) kcal\/day, p &lt; 0.01), lean muscle mass index (9.1 (7.7\u201310.1) versus 9.9 (8.9\u201310.8) kg\/m2), and HGS (15.3 (10.3\u201321.9) versus 23.6 (16.7\u201334.4) kg), both p &lt; 0.001. On multivariable logistic analysis, frailty was independently associated with lower active energy expenditure (odds ratio (OR) 0.98, 95% confidence limits (CL) 0.98\u20130.99, p = 0.001), diabetes (OR 5.09, CL 1.06\u201316.66) and HGS (OR 0.92, CL 0.86\u20130.98). Discussion: Frail HD patients reported less active energy expenditure, associated with reduced muscle mass and strength. Frail patients were more likely to have greater co-morbidity, particularly diabetes. Whether physical activity programmes can improve frailty remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214221098889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T15:40:38Z","timestamp":1651851638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Characteristics of Frailty in Haemodialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Heidy","family":"Hendra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Department of Nephrology, University College London, London NW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivakumar","family":"Sridharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Farrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"},{"name":"Renal Unit, Lister Hospital, Corey\u2019s Mill Lane, ST, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4467-6833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Department of Nephrology, University College London, London NW, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31821ece12"},{"key":"bibr2-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09001209"},{"key":"bibr3-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533617697936"},{"key":"bibr4-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu023"},{"key":"bibr5-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2016.10.007"},{"key":"bibr6-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"bibr7-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2020.03.003"},{"key":"bibr8-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12086"},{"key":"bibr9-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.207"},{"key":"bibr10-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12331"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr11-23337214221098889","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013","volume":"27","author":"Evans W. 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