{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T16:35:28Z","timestamp":1777653328401,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Claude D. Pepper Independence for Older Americans Grant","award":["P30 AG024827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG024827"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Independent Living residences for older adults can be divided into two categories and require better definitions for research purposes; the purpose of this manuscript is to provide those definitions and explore variation in provided services and resident characteristics: (a) Subsidized age-based housing (55+) (Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) housing units for low-income adults), and (b) non-subsidized age-based housing. Methods: Residents in the two settings were compared: 37 subsidized locations ( p\u2009=\u2009289 residents) and 19 non-subsidized ( p\u2009=\u2009208). Aging support services in each housing type were quantified. Results: Subsidized residents are more likely to be female (84.6% vs. 70.2%, p\u2009=\u2009.0002) and have fair-poor health (36.5% vs. 12.5%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), frequent pain (28.4% vs. 12.8%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), and fair-poor mobility (37.5% vs. 23.5%, p\u2009=\u2009.0298). Non-subsidized locations are more likely to offer support services; on average, residents are older (mean age 83vs. 75; p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and white (97.6% vs. 69.2%, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Conclusion: Significant differences exist between populations living in subsidized and non-subsidized housing, suggesting the effect of cumulative disadvantage over the lifespan; populations in poorer health have access to fewer services. Research is needed to explore generalizability on a national level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214241271929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T16:21:57Z","timestamp":1728145317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Subsidized Versus Unsubsidized Senior Housing Communities in PA: A Window on Variation in Health, Function, and Access to Services in Old Age"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5549-3779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janelle J.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subashan","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7793-2004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer S.","family":"Brach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Nace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil M.","family":"Resnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Greenspan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23337214241271929","unstructured":"28Pa. 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