{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:02:58Z","timestamp":1789718578748,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sage Open Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hearing impairment is increasingly being acknowledged as a major public health issue. This study determined the prevalence of hearing loss and the years lived with disability (YLDs) in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study used the Global Burden of Diseases 2023 estimates and methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 2023, Ethiopia had an estimated 15.93 million prevalent cases of hearing loss (95% UI: 15.00-16.79), with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 21,702 per 10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      population (95% UI: 20,818-22,568). The corresponding YLDs were 580,148 (95% UI: 403,721-806,166), yielding a rate of 801 per 10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      population (95% UI: 560-1109). Both prevalence and YLDs increased with age. Between 1990 and 2023, prevalence rose slowly by 3% (95% UI: 2-4), while the YLDs rate did not change significantly. Mild hearing loss dominated the burden, with 10.6 million cases (95% UI: 10.07-10.69) and a rate of 14,425 per 100,000 (95% UI: 13,759-15,133). Rates of complete hearing loss declined by 23% (95% UI: \u201326 to \u201321) and severe hearing loss by 3% (95% UI: \u20135 to \u20131), whereas rates of mild, moderate, and moderately severe hearing loss showed a slight increase.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study revealed a substantial and persistent burden of hearing loss in Ethiopia over the past three decades, dominated by mild cases and increasing with age. While severe and complete forms declined, mild-to-moderate rates rose, underscoring the need for integrated screening, expanded access to hearing care, and strengthened health systems to address this growing public health challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608261490189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T15:17:28Z","timestamp":1789485448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Hearing Loss and Years Lived With Disability in Ethiopia From 1990 to 2023: A Subnational Analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sebsibe","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"},{"name":"Ethiopian Public Health Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina Temesgen","family":"Tolera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haramaya University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0586-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Belda Negesa","family":"Beyene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bule Hora University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894251405679"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","first-page":"322","article-title":"The global burden of hearing loss: progress and priorities","volume":"99","author":"Chadha S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chadha S., Kamenov K. (2021). b). The global burden of hearing loss: progress and priorities. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 99(5), 322\u2013322A. http:\/\/www.who.int\/bulletin\/vol-umes\/99\/4\/21-285643","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","first-page":"242","volume-title":"The world report on hearing, 2021","author":"Chadha S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chadha S., Kamenov K. C. A., Cieza A. (2021a). The world report on hearing, 2021 (99, pp. 242\u2013242A). World Health Organization. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2471\/BLT.21.285643"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","first-page":"010402","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing loss in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Desalew A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Desalew A., Berhan Y., Ayele G. (2020a). Prevalence of hearing loss in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Global Health, 10(1), Article 010402.","journal-title":"Journal of Global Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312120919240"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Prevalence of hearing loss by severity in the United States, 2020","volume":"150","author":"Goman A. M.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goman A. M., Lin F. R. (2024). Prevalence of hearing loss by severity in the United States, 2020. JAMA Otolaryngology\u2013Head & Neck Surgery, 150(1), 12\u201318.","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngology\u2013Head & Neck Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1526719"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"National survey of hearing loss in Ethiopia: prevalence and associated factors","volume":"35","author":"Meshesha T.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Meshesha T., Abera A., Fikre A. (2025a). National survey of hearing loss in Ethiopia: prevalence and associated factors. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 35(1), 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-086288"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12640"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","first-page":"e110","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of hearing loss, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"6","author":"Shen X.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shen X., Liu Y., Zhang L. (2025a). Global, regional, and national burden of hearing loss, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 6(2), e110\u2013e120.","journal-title":"The Lancet Healthy Longevity"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2527367"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1538145"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","volume-title":"Population, total - Ethiopia [Data set]","author":"World Bank","year":"2024","unstructured":"World Bank. (2024a). Population, total - Ethiopia [Data set]. Retrieved from. https:\/\/api.worldbank.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","volume-title":"Rural population (% of total population) - Ethiopia [Data set]","author":"World Bank","year":"2024","unstructured":"World Bank. (2024b). Rural population (% of total population) - Ethiopia [Data set]. Retrieved from. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","volume-title":"Status report on ear and hearing care in the WHO African Region","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2024a). Status report on ear and hearing care in the WHO African Region: Author. Retrieved from. https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/publications\/status-report-ear-and-hearing-care-who-african-region"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","volume-title":"World report on hearing","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2024b). World report on hearing: World Health Organization. Retrieved from. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/world-report-on-hearing"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","volume-title":"Deafness and hearing loss (Fact sheet)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2026","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2026). 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