{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T03:05:00Z","timestamp":1780455900995,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JDR Clinical &amp; Translational Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purposes of this study were to describe primary tooth emergence in an American Indian (AI) population during the first 36 mo of life to compare 1) patterns of emergence between male and female children and 2) tooth emergence between these AI children and other U.S. ethnic groups. Data were derived from a birth cohort of 239 AI children from a Northern Plains tribe participating in a longitudinal study of early childhood caries, with examination data at target ages of 8, 12, 16, 22, 28, and 36 mo of age (\u00b11 mo). Patterns of emergence in AI children were characterized and sex comparisons accomplished with interval-censored survival methodology. Numbers of erupted teeth in AI children at each age were compared via Kruskal-Wallis tests against those in children of the same age, as drawn from a cross-sectional study of dental caries patterns in Arizona; these comparisons were based on the dental examinations of 547 White non-Hispanic and 677 Hispanic children. Characterization of time to achievement of various milestones\u2014including emergence of the anterior teeth, the first molars, and the complete primary dentition\u2014provided no evidence of sex differences among AI children. AI children had significantly more teeth present at 8 mo (median, 3) than either White non-Hispanic ( P &lt; 0.0063) or Hispanic ( P &lt; 0.0001) children (median, 2 each). This was also true at 12 mo ( P &lt; 0.001; medians, 8 vs. 6 and 7, respectively) and 16 mo ( P &lt; 0.001; medians, 12 vs. 11 each). Less pronounced differences were seen at 22 mo ( P &lt; 0.0001). White non-Hispanic and Hispanic children did not differ at any time considered ( P &gt; 0.05). These results provide evidence of earlier tooth emergence in AI children than in the other 2 ethnicities. Although the underlying etiology of the severity of early childhood caries in AI children is likely to be multifactorial, earlier tooth emergence may be a contributing factor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of this study have practical implications for practitioners providing childhood oral health care to ethnic groups with early tooth emergence. It may be important to provide parents with information on toothbrushing, dentist visits, and other practices supportive of good oral health as early as possible to protect their children\u2019s primary dentition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2380084418756054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T20:47:11Z","timestamp":1518554831000},"page":"161-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evidence of Early Emergence of the Primary Dentition in a Northern Plains American Indian Population"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"D.V.","family":"Dawson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Blanchette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Douglass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Tinanoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.W.O.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Melbourne, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.J.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.R.","family":"Phipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Surveillance Consultant, Morro Bay, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.E.","family":"Starr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Health Service, South Dakota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.A.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.R.","family":"Mabry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Pagan-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Banas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Drake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2380084418756054","unstructured":"Adler D. 2005. 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