{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T10:52:59Z","timestamp":1777805579113,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004357","name":"procter and gamble","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JDR Clinical &amp; Translational Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the exposure frequency effect of 0.454% stannous fluoride (SnF\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) toothpaste in controlling gingivitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two randomized controlled trials enrolled generally healthy adults with gingivitis. The study duration was 1 mo (study 1) and 3 mo (study 2). Gingivitis was assessed using the L\u00f6e-Silness Gingival Index (LSGI) at baseline, 1 mo (both studies), and 3 mo (study 2); bleeding scores were derived from the LSGI. Study groups consisted of positive control (twice-daily use of 0.454% SnF\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      toothpaste), experimental group (brushing in the morning with SnF\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      toothpaste and in the evening with 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate [SMFP] toothpaste), and negative control (twice-daily use of SMFP toothpaste). The primary endpoint was number of bleeding sites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Study 1 and study 2 each enrolled and randomized 90 participants; 86 and 89 participants, respectively, completed the trials. At baseline, the mean (SD) number of bleeding sites was 47.6 (18.54) in study 1 and 41.5 (17.84) in study 2. At 3 mo (study 2), the positive control produced 51.3% fewer bleeding sites, and the experimental group produced 32.5% fewer bleeding sites versus the negative control (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 for both). At 1 mo, the positive control produced 45.1% (study 1) and 45.8% (study 2) fewer bleeding sites versus the negative control (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 for both), and the experimental group produced 33.0% (study 1) and 24.8% (study 2) fewer bleeding sites, respectively, versus the negative control (\n                      <jats:italic>P \u2264<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.002 for both). The benefit was observed as early as 1 mo and was consistent with 3-mo results.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This research is to our knowledge the first to demonstrate a gingivitis-reduction response effect for the frequency of bioavailable SnF\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      toothpaste use, with maximum benefit from twice-daily use, followed by a single-daily exposure versus the negative control. Clinical trial registration numbers: NCT05916508 and NCT05916521.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Knowledge Transfer Statement:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study can be used by dental professionals to guide their recommendations for therapeutic toothpaste for gingival health. Emphasis on the importance of twice-daily brushing with bioavailable stannous fluoride dentifrice will help patients optimize gingival health benefits achieved via self-care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23800844241263031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T01:56:27Z","timestamp":1723168587000},"page":"124-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Randomized Controlled Trials Assessing Exposure Frequency Effects of Stannous Fluoride on Gingivitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Grender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Silverstone Research Group, Las Vegas, NV, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kaminski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.R.","family":"Biesbrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"American Dental Association. 2023. 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