{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:22:06Z","timestamp":1791998526618,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015027","name":"Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9904312720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9904312720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p> Anatomy, a foundational preclinical course in medical education, is crucial for students. However, a comprehensive comparison of case-based learning (CBL) and lecture-based learning (LBL) in anatomy instruction is lacking. This study investigates the effectiveness of CBL and LBL methods in a lower limb anatomy course, evaluating medical students' satisfaction, attitudes, knowledge, and skills. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHOD<\/jats:title><jats:p> This prospective cohort comparison study was conducted over three academic years, using a hybrid instructional approach to accommodate COVID-19 protocols. Six groups of undergraduate medical students (n = 466) were randomly assigned to either CBL (n = 231) or LBL (n = 235). Both groups had the same curriculum, learning objectives, and instructor. The LBL group received lectures, while the CBL group engaged with clinical cases and radiographic images, followed by interaction and knowledge application. Questionnaires were used to collect data on student demographics, satisfaction, and attitudes, and learning progress was assessed through tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 with t-tests, Wilcoxon tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient (\u2264 .05). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p> Compared to the LBL group, the CBL group demonstrated significantly higher levels of knowledge (15.05 \u00b1 3.12 vs. 13.32 \u00b1 3.77; P &lt; .001) and skills (15.54 \u00b1 3.95 vs. 12.75 \u00b1 5.09; P &lt; .001). Students in the CBL group also reported significantly greater satisfaction ( P &lt; .001) and a more positive attitude toward the learning method (42.78 \u00b1 8.01 vs. 34.7 \u00b1 35.64; P &lt; .001). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p> CBL significantly enhances knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and attitudes of first-year medical students learning lower limb anatomy. This makes CBL an effective instructional method for anatomy courses. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23821205251317942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T07:57:51Z","timestamp":1740729471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Case-Based Learning Aimed at Improving Undergraduate Medical Students\u2019 Satisfaction, Attitude, Knowledge, and Skills in the Anatomy Course: An Interventional Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1724-6432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir Mohammad","family":"Salehi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6290-5265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdi","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Khanlarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Khatiban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mother and Child Care Research Center, Department of Ethics Education in Medical Sciences, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3943-1727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ahmadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohreh","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jme-127188"},{"key":"bibr2-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_417_22"},{"key":"bibr3-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.12013"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr4-23821205251317942","volume":"13","author":"Chytas D","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"bibr5-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.12171"},{"key":"bibr6-23821205251317942","author":"Safari M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Iranian J Med Educ"},{"key":"bibr7-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2000.00756.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr8-23821205251317942","first-page":"56","volume":"24","author":"Khoshnoodi Far M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr9-23821205251317942","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"Salehi AM","year":"2021","journal-title":"Strides Dev Med Educ"},{"key":"bibr10-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.profnurs.2016.08.013"},{"key":"bibr11-23821205251317942","author":"Naeimi L","journal-title":"JMED."},{"key":"bibr12-23821205251317942","volume-title":"Learning through play at school\u2014a framework for policy and practice. Front Educ","author":"Parker R","year":"2022"},{"key":"bibr13-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2019.03.007"},{"key":"bibr14-23821205251317942","volume":"27","author":"McLean SF","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Educ Curricular Dev"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr15-23821205251317942","volume":"13","author":"Sangam MR","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr16-23821205251317942","first-page":"8","volume":"9","author":"Vedi N","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Adv Med Educ Prof"},{"key":"bibr17-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-9-56"},{"key":"bibr18-23821205251317942","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04035.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr19-23821205251317942","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"Salehi AM","year":"2020","journal-title":"Strides Dev Med Educ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23821205251317942","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/23821205251317942","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/23821205251317942","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T11:12:39Z","timestamp":1747739559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/23821205251317942"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/23821205251317942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23821205251317942","relation":{},"ISSN":["2382-1205","2382-1205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2382-1205","type":"print"},{"value":"2382-1205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"article-number":"23821205251317942"}}