{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:53:06Z","timestamp":1773867186503,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study in patients with acute posterior ischaemic stroke (PS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) was to evaluate (1) the risks of recurrent ischaemic event and severe bleeding and (2) these risks in relation with oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) and its timing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with PS were prospectively included; the outcome events of these patients were compared with those of patients with anterior stroke (AS) which were taken from previous registries. The primary outcome was the composite of stroke recurrence, transient ischaemic attack, symptomatic systemic embolism, symptomatic cerebral bleeding and major extracranial bleeding occurring within 90\u2009days from acute stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2470 patients were available for the analysis: 473 (19.1%) with PS and 1997 (80.9%) with AS. Over 90\u2009days, 213 (8.6%) primary outcome events were recorded: 175 (8.7%) in patients with AS and 38 (8.0%) in those with PS. In patients who initiated OAT within 2\u2009days, the primary outcome occurred in 5 out of 95 patients (5.3%) with PS compared to 21 out of 373 patients (4.3%) with AS (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.39\u20132.94). In patients who initiated OAT between days 3 and 7, the primary outcome occurred in 3 out of 103 patients (2.9%) with PS compared to 26 out of 490 patients (5.3%) with AS (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.16\u20131.80).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>our findings suggest that, when deciding the time to initiate oral anticoagulation, the location of stroke, either anterior or posterior, does not predict the risk of outcome events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with PS or AS and AF appear to have similar risks of ischaemic or haemorrhagic events at 90\u2009days with no difference concerning the timing of initiation of OAT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987320937116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T01:20:57Z","timestamp":1595467257000},"page":"374-383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Timing of initiation of oral anticoagulants in patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation comparing posterior and anterior circulation strokes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5483-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Paciaroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Agnelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Giustozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsivgoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA 2"},{"name":"Second Department of Neurology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece 3"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Yaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Mac Grory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen L","family":"Furie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasanna","family":"Tadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Zedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale \u2013 IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy 5"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1318-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azmil H","family":"Abdul-Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 6"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesse","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 6"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kennedy R","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 6"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Alberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Venti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Acciarresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cataldo","family":"D\u2019Amore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Giulia","family":"Mosconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Bogini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3534-3201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Cappellari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSO Stroke Unit, UO Neurologia, DAI di Neuroscienze, AOUI Verona, Italy 7"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Rigatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSO Pronto Soccorso, Ospedale Borgo Trento, DAI Emergenza e Accettazione, AOUI Verona, Italy 8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Bonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSO Stroke Unit, UO Neurologia, DAI di Neuroscienze, AOUI Verona, Italy 7"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Putaala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland 9"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liisa","family":"Tomppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland 9"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Turgut","family":"Tatlisumak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden 10"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden 11"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ospedale San Paolo, Savona, Italy 12"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Marcheselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurologia d\u2019urgenza e Stroke Unit, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milano, Italy 13"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Pezzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy 14"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loris","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy 14"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Padovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy 14"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Masotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy 15"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Grifoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy 15"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vieri","family":"Vannucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy 15"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Il","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea 16"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianni","family":"Lorenzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SC Medicina e Chirurgia d\u2019Accettazione e d\u2019Urgenza, Ospedale Lotti Pontedera, Azienda USL Toscana Nordovest, Italy 17"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Tassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, AOU Senese, Siena, Italy 18"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Guideri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, AOU Senese, Siena, Italy 18"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4149-1785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Acampa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, AOU Senese, Siena, Italy 18"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, AOU Senese, Siena, Italy 18"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Ntaios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece 19"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Athanasakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece 19"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Makaritsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece 19"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efstathia","family":"Karagkiozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece 19"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vadikolias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece 20"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chrissoula","family":"Liantinioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Neurology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece 3"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Palaiodimou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Neurology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece 3"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Mumoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale \u201cFornaroli\u201d di Magenta (Milano), Italy 21"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Porta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale \u201cFornaroli\u201d di Magenta (Milano), Italy 21"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Galati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Jazzolino Hospital, Vibo Valentia, Italy 22"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of L\u2019Aquila, L\u2019Aquila, Italy 23"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Tiseo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of L\u2019Aquila, L\u2019Aquila, Italy 23"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Corea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurologia \u2013 Stroke Unit, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Italy 24"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Ageno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy 25"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Bellesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy 25"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Silvestrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C. di Neurologia e S.S. di Stroke Unit, ASST di Mantova, Mantova, Italy 26"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Ciccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C. di Neurologia e S.S. di Stroke Unit, ASST di Mantova, Mantova, Italy 26"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Scoditti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy 27"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Licia","family":"Denti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Geriatrico Riabilitativo, University of Parma, Parma, Italy 28"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelangelo","family":"Mancuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria C","family":"Caselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Maccarrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Ulivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"},{"name":"Neurologia, Ospedale Apuano, Massa Carrara, Italy 30"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Tassinari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure (Savona), Italy 31"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria L De","family":"Lodovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Neurology, Insubria University, Varese, Italy 32"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Rueckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Neurologie, Oberschwabenklinik gGmbH, Ravensburg, Germany 33"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Baldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Ospedale di Portogruaro, Portogruaro (Venice), Italy 34"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Toni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 35"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luana","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 35"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Letteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 35"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Giuntini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurologia, Ospedale Apuano, Massa Carrara, Italy 30"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico M","family":"Lotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. Neurologia Presidio Ospedaliero di Ravenna Azienda USL della Romagna, Italy 36"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuriy","family":"Flomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke and Neurorehabilitation Unit MC \u2018Universal Clinic \u2018Oberig\u2019 Kyiv, Ukraine 37"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Pieroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 35"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odysseas","family":"Kargiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece 38"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Karapanayiotides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece 39"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civico, Palermo, Italy 40"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Mannino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civico, Palermo, Italy 40"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario M","family":"Baronello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civico, Palermo, Italy 40"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laszl\u00f3","family":"Csiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary 41"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilla","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary 41"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Chiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 29"},{"name":"Neurologia, Ospedale Apuano, Massa Carrara, Italy 30"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy 42"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Giorli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy 42"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo Del","family":"Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sant\u2019Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy 42"},{"name":"Divisione di Neurologia, Ospedale Galliera, Genoa, Italy 43"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Schirinzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisione di Neurologia, Ospedale Galliera, Genoa, Italy 43"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Imberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Civile di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy 44"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorjan","family":"Zabzuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Civile di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy 44"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Doronin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipal Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia 45"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Volodina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipal Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia 45"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrik","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre C\u00e9r\u00e9brovasculaire, Service de Neurologie, D\u00e9partement des Neurosciences Cliniques Centre Hopitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland 46"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Eskandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre C\u00e9r\u00e9brovasculaire, Service de Neurologie, D\u00e9partement des Neurosciences Cliniques Centre Hopitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland 46"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vanacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital and Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium 47"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Barlinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Dresden University Stroke Center, Dresden, Germany 48"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Barlinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Dresden University Stroke Center, Dresden, Germany 48"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Deleu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar 49"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Gourbali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece 50"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Caso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr1-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017700663","article-title":"Nonvitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"12","author":"Ntaios","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr2-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30356-9","article-title":"Timing of anticoagulation after recent ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"18","author":"Seiffge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr3-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987319841187","article-title":"Antithrombotic treatment for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in patients with stroke or TIA and non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a European Stroke Organisation guideline","volume":"4","author":"Klijn CJm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr4-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70211-4","article-title":"Posterior circulation ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: diagnosis, investigations, and secondary prevention","volume":"12","author":"Markus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr5-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2889-x","article-title":"Frequency and determinants for hemorrhagic transformation of posterior cerebral stroke","volume":"10","author":"Valentino","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr6-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.08.048","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier permeability derangements in posterior circulation ischemic stroke: frequency and relation to hemorrhagic transformation","volume":"313","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr7-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.5.1125","article-title":"Arterial territories of human brain: brainstem and cerebellum","volume":"47","author":"Tatu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr8-2396987320937116","first-page":"3","article-title":"Neuroradiologic evaluation of patients with acute stroke treated with rt-PA. The rt-PA Acute Stroke Study Group","volume":"14","author":"Wolpert","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr9-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.510321","article-title":"Early hemorrhagic transformation of brain infarction: rate, predictive factors, and influence on clinical outcome. Results of a prospective multicenter study","volume":"39","author":"Paciaroni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr10-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804656","article-title":"Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"359","author":"Hacke","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr11-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.008891","article-title":"Early recurrence and cerebral bleeding in patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: effect of anticoagulation and its timing","volume":"46","author":"Paciaroni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr12-2396987320937116","first-page":"6","article-title":"Early recurrence and major bleeding in patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation treated with non-vitamin-K oral anticoagulants","volume":"29","author":"Paciaroni","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr13-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.6.1318","article-title":"A new rating scale for age-related white matter changes applicable to MRI and CT","volume":"32","author":"Wahlund","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr14-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1584","article-title":"Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation","volume":"137","author":"Lip","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr15-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.00003.x","article-title":"International consensus on nomenclature and classification of atrial fibrillation","volume":"14","author":"L\u00e9vy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr16-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01204.x","article-title":"Definition of major bleeding in clinical investigations of antihemostatic medicinal products in non-surgical patients","volume":"3","author":"Schulman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr17-2396987320937116","first-page":"163","article-title":"Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration","volume":"50","author":"Mantel","year":"1966","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Rep"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr18-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e296","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040296","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"4","author":"Elm","journal-title":"PLos Med"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr19-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1159\/000454840","article-title":"Posterior versus anterior circulation stroke in young adults: a comparative study of stroke aetiologies and risk factors in stroke among young Fabry patients","volume":"43","author":"von Sarnowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr20-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.211151","article-title":"Posterior versus anterior circulation strokes: comparison of clinical, radiological and outcome characteristics","volume":"82","author":"De Marchis","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr21-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1159\/000047659","article-title":"Differences between anterior and posterior circulation stroke in TOAST","volume":"11","author":"Libman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr22-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.03.033","article-title":"Etiology and risk factors of posterior circulation infarction compared with anterior circulation infarction","volume":"24","author":"Zeng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr23-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.11.016","article-title":"Differences in ischemic anterior and posterior circulation strokes: a clinic-radiological and outcome analysis","volume":"28","author":"Zurcher","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr24-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.01.016","article-title":"Risk factors and outcome of subtypes of ischemic stroke. Data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry","volume":"244","author":"Di Carlo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr25-2396987320937116","first-page":"393","article-title":"Comparison of clinical backgrounds with anterior versus posterior circulation infarcts","volume":"19","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr26-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000209282","article-title":"Risk factors for posterior compared to anterior ischemic stroke: an observational study of the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network","volume":"33","author":"Subramanian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"2026031809315932100_bibr27-2396987320937116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.022856","article-title":"Anticoagulation after stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"50","author":"Altavilla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"}],"container-title":["European Stroke Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2396987320937116","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2396987320937116","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/esj\/article-pdf\/5\/4\/374\/64647296\/2396987320937116.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/esj\/article-pdf\/5\/4\/374\/64647296\/2396987320937116.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:32:05Z","timestamp":1773840725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/esj\/article\/5\/4\/374\/8271516"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2396987320937116","relation":{},"ISSN":["2396-9873","2396-9881"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2396-9873","type":"print"},{"value":"2396-9881","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}}}