{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:46:43Z","timestamp":1788922003650,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":692,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study to identify predictors of concurrent asymptomatic brain ischemia in patients with ischemic monocular vision loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An inpatient database research of admissions to the Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Germany between 01\/2016 and 12\/2020 was conducted. Inclusion criteria were confirmed diagnosis of transient monocular vision loss (MVL), retinal artery occlusion (RAO), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain within 10\u2009days of MVL. Silent brain ischemia (SBI) was defined as diffusion restrictions with corresponding reduced apparent diffusion coefficient in MRI and an absence of neurological deficits besides those complying with MVL in clinical examination. The prevalence and cardiovascular predictors of SBI were analyzed with logistic regression and an artificial neural network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred fourteen out of 475 patients treated with monocular vision loss were included in this study. The mean age was 67.7\u2009\u00b1\u200913.6\u2009years. 48.2% were male and 47.4% had RAO. MRI scan of the brain was performed after 3.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u2009days and detected SBI in 17%. Age \u2a7e67\u2009years, cardiac etiology of MVL, and cerebral ischemia in medical history were revealed as predictors of SBI in MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients older than 66\u2009years, with a suspected cardiac embolism as the cause of RAO and previous cerebral ischemia, are more likely to present SBI in cerebral MRI. Therefore, MR imaging, particularly in these patients, can be useful.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873231191577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T05:46:49Z","timestamp":1692337609000},"page":"982-988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of ischemic monocular vision loss and concurrent brain ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4333-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathy E","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 1"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, Witten\/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Kukolja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 1"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, Witten\/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr1-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.05.005","article-title":"The incidence of central retinal artery occlusion in Olmsted County, Minnesota","volume":"152","author":"Leavitt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr2-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00359-1","article-title":"Aggressive systematic treatment for central retinal artery occlusion","volume":"128","author":"Rumelt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr3-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.05.001","article-title":"Acute retinal arterial occlusive disorders","volume":"30","author":"Hayreh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr4-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.02.002","article-title":"Embolic and nonembolic transient monocular visual field loss: a clinicopathologic review","volume":"58","author":"Petzold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr5-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.21.2.201","article-title":"The Amaurosis Fugax Study Group","volume":"21","author":"Current management of amaurosis fugax","year":"1990","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr6-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00384-6","article-title":"Optic disk and retinal nerve fiber layer damage after transient central retinal artery occlusion: an experimental study in rhesus monkeys","volume":"129","author":"Hayreh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr7-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1446_18","article-title":"Central retinal artery occlusion","volume":"66","author":"Hayreh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr8-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-016-0432-4","article-title":"[Retinal artery occlusion]","volume":"114","author":"Feltgen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr9-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.03.006","article-title":"Retinal artery occlusion: associated systemic and ophthalmic abnormalities","volume":"116","author":"Hayreh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr10-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.05.044","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in central retinal artery occlusion: results of a prospective and standardized medical examination","volume":"122","author":"Callizo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2026012113095543100_bibr11-23969873231191577","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjophth-2020-000467","article-title":"Retinal arterial occlusion with multiple retinal emboli and carotid artery occlusion disease. 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