{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T11:03:11Z","timestamp":1769079791093,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015639","name":"Japan Cardiovascular Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015639","name":"Japan Cardiovascular Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the clinical characteristics in patients without traditional risk factors (TRFs) after transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke, who were recruited in the TIAregistry.org.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3847 patients were analyzed. TRFs included hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, current smoking, and atrial fibrillation. Background characteristics and outcomes at 1 and 5\u2009years in patients without TRFs were compared to those in patients with TRFs. The primary outcome was major cardiovascular event (MACE), which was non-fatal stroke, non-fatal acute coronary syndrome, or vascular death. To evaluate the causes, we applied the ASCOD (atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, cardiac pathology, other causes or dissection) grading system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-year risk of MACE (5.3% vs 6.3%, hazard ratio (HR) 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53\u20131.31) was comparable between patients without TRFs (n\u2009=\u2009402) and those with TRFs (n\u2009=\u20093445). Five-year risk of MACE was significantly lower in patients without TRFs than in those with TRFs (7.9% vs 13.9%, HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39\u20130.82). In patients without TRFs, causal atherosclerosis was a potent risk factor (HR 5.67, 95% CI 2.68\u201312.02) and ipsilateral extra- or intra-cranial arterial stenosis was only significant predictor of MACE (interaction p\u2009=\u20090.0046) at 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 5-year risk of MACE was lower in patients without TRFs than those with TRFs, although a certain level of risk persisted in the absence of TRFs. The most significant predictor of MACE in patients without TRFs was arterial stenosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873241300071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T05:37:19Z","timestamp":1732167439000},"page":"531-540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk of major vascular events in patients without traditional risk factors after transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke: An international prospective cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6280-8190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Uchiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Department of Neurology, Akasaka Sanno Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan 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8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael G","family":"Hennerici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Universit\u00e4ts Medizin Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany 9"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 10"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M","family":"Rothwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 11"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence KS","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of 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