{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T23:48:31Z","timestamp":1769125711308,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":103,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["24lk0221186, 23lk0221171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24lk0221186, 23lk0221171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24lk0221186, 23lk0221171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24lk0221186, 23lk0221171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis on outcomes based on patient sex remain unclear. We aimed to investigate whether outcomes among patients with stroke with an unknown onset time and treated with imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis are influenced by their sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a pooled analysis of individual patient-level data acquired from the Evaluation of unknown Onset Stroke thrombolysis trials. Patients treated with imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis for stroke with an unknown onset time were included. The primary outcome was a favourable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0\u20131) at 90\u2009days. The sex-based difference in outcomes was studied using mixed-effect logistic or ordinal regression models, considering potential heterogeneity across trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 509 patients in total, 204 (40.1%) were women. Compared with men, women were older and more likely to have atrial fibrillation. Baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was higher and hours from last-known-well to treatment were longer for women than for men. Favourable outcomes occurred less often among women than among men. However, multivariate adjustment revealed a non-significant association between female sex and favourable outcome (adjusted odds ratio: 1.04 [95% confidence interval: 0.66\u20131.52], p\u2009=\u20090.98).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pooled data from the included clinical trials showed that women with ischaemic stroke with an unknown onset time had worse functional outcomes following imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis than did men. However, this sex-based difference can be explained by the higher age and more severe clinical status at onset among women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873241309512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T04:32:21Z","timestamp":1735878741000},"page":"730-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of sex on imaging-based intravenous thrombolysis for ischaemic stroke with unknown onset time: a pooled analysis of clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0922-4417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayumi","family":"Fukuda-Doi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6tz","family":"Thomalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Neurologie Kopf- und Neurozentrum Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e4rit","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Neurologie Kopf- und Neurozentrum Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohei","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Miwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan 1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gerloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Neurologie Kopf- und Neurozentrum Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg- Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany 2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen M","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 3"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey A","family":"Donnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 3"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia 4"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Hacke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 5"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ringleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 5"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ona","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA 6"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee H","family":"Schwamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA 7"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Warach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8346-9845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazunori","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 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